The study was undertaken to assess the hemodynamic effects induced by a single dose of the
phosphodiesterase 4 (
PDE4) inhibitor,
CI-1044, which is known to cause mesenteric vascular alterations in rats. In the present study, an administration of 160 mg/kg of
CI-1044 caused perivascular and interstitial
inflammation, with infiltrates of admixed neutrophils and macrophages but without evidence of vascular
necrosis (ileum, 15/20 rats; duodenum + jejunum, 7/20 rats). Four hours after administration, blood pressure was decreased (- 13%). A fluorescent
microsphere technique demonstrated that, in these conditions, cardiac output was doubled (+ 100%) and total peripheral resistance was decreased (- 54%). The largest increases in blood flow were measured in the duodenum (+ 101%), in the jejunum (+ 110%), and in the ileum (+ 192%). Therefore, the mesentery was the most sensitive organ affected by the
drug and, within this area, parts with the highest incidence of vascular alteration were those which had shown the highest increase in flow. In addition, isolated precontracted mesenteric resistance arteries dissected from untreated animals were fully relaxed when incubated with increasing concentrations of
CI-1044 up to 2.5 x 10(-5)M. At this latter concentration, contractile abilities and sensitivities to the physiological agonist
noradrenaline (NA) and to the
thromboxane analogue
U46619 were significantly attenuated (- 28 and - 27%, respectively). This effect could lead to a decreased response to NA and possibly to other agonists in vivo consistent with the vasodilation observed with the
microsphere technique. These data provide evidence that the
PDE4 inhibitor CI-1044 induces changes of vascular tone that could lead to histological alterations in the mesenteric area.