Inhibition of Hsp90 activates osteoclast c-Src signaling and promotes growth of prostate carcinoma cells in bone.

Abstract

Hsp90 inhibitors are being evaluated extensively in patients with advanced cancers. However, the impact of Hsp90 inhibition on signaling pathways in normal tissues and the effect that this may have on the antitumor activity of these molecularly targeted drugs have not been rigorously examined. Breast and prostate carcinomas are among those cancers that respond to Hsp90 inhibitors in animal xenograft models and in early studies in patients. Because these cancers frequently metastasize to bone, it is important to determine the impact of Hsp90 inhibitors in the bone environment. In the current study, we show that, in contrast to its activity against prostate cancer cells in vitro and its inhibition of s.c. prostate cancer xenografts, the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-AAG stimulates the intraosseous growth of PC-3M prostate carcinoma cells. This activity is mediated not by a direct effect on the tumor but by Hsp90-dependent stimulation of osteoclast maturation. Hsp90 inhibition transiently activates osteoclast Src kinase and promotes Src-dependent Akt activation. Both kinases are key drivers of osteoclast maturation, and three agents that block osteoclastogenesis, the Src inhibitor dasatinib, the bisphosphonate alendronate, and the osteoclast-specific apoptosis-inducer reveromycin A, markedly reduced 17-AAG-stimulated tumor growth in bone. These data emphasize the importance of understanding the complex role played by Hsp90 in regulating signal transduction pathways in normal tissues as well as in cancer cells, and they demonstrate that drug-dependent modulation of the local tumor environment may profoundly affect the antitumor efficacy of Hsp90-directed therapy.

• Authors: Akihiro Yano, Shinji Tsutsumi, Shiro Soga, Min-Jung Lee, Jane Trepel, Hiroyuki Osada, Len Neckers
• Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 105 Issue 40 Pg. 15541-6 (Oct 07 2008) ISSN: 1091-6490 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 18840695 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural)

Chemical References

• Benzoquinones
• HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
• Integrin beta3
• Lactams, Macrocyclic
• tanespimycin
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)
• Oncogene Protein v-akt

Topics

• Animals
• Benzoquinones (pharmacology)
• Bone Neoplasms (pathology, secondary)
• Carcinoma (pathology, secondary)
• HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins (antagonists & inhibitors, metabolism)
• Immunoprecipitation
• Integrin beta3 (metabolism)
• Lactams, Macrocyclic (pharmacology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred C57BL
• Oncogene Protein v-akt (metabolism)
• Osteoclasts (enzymology)
• Phosphorylation
• Prostatic Neoplasms (metabolism, pathology)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) (metabolism)
• Signal Transduction