Major phenolic compounds in olive oil modulate bone loss in an ovariectomy/inflammation experimental model.

Abstract	This study was conducted to determine whether the daily consumption for 84 days of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, the main olive oil phenolic compounds, and olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), a byproduct of olive oil production, rich in micronutrients, may improve bone loss in ovariectomized rats (an experimental model of postmenopausal osteoporosis) and in ovariectomized rats with granulomatosis inflammation (a model set up for senile osteoporosis). As expected, an induced chronic inflammation provoked further bone loss at total, metaphyseal, and diaphyseal sites in ovariectomized rats. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol prevented this osteopenia by increasing bone formation ( p < 0.05), probably because of their antioxidant properties. The two doses of OMWW extracts had the same protective effect on bone ( p < 0.05), whereas OMWW did not reverse established osteopenia. In conclusion, polyphenol consumption seems to be an interesting way to prevent bone loss.
Authors	Caroline Puel, Julie Mardon, Apostolis Agalias, Marie-Jeanne Davicco, Patrice Lebecque, Andre Mazur, Marie-Noelle Horcajada, Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis, Veronique Coxam
Journal	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 56 Issue 20 Pg. 9417-22 (Oct 22 2008) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
PMID	18800805 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	Bone Density Conservation Agents Flavonoids Olive Oil Phenols Plant Oils Polyphenols 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol 4-hydroxyphenylethanol Phenylethyl Alcohol
Topics	Animals Bone Density (drug effects) Bone Density Conservation Agents (pharmacology) Disease Models, Animal Female Flavonoids (pharmacology) Humans Inflammation (drug therapy) Olive Oil Osteoporosis (drug therapy, physiopathology) Ovariectomy (adverse effects) Phenols (pharmacology) Phenylethyl Alcohol (analogs & derivatives, pharmacology) Plant Oils (chemistry, pharmacology) Polyphenols Random Allocation Rats Rats, Wistar

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