Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) promotes proliferation and invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through c-Src/ERK activation.

Abstract

The aim of the current study is to elucidate the mechanism of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2)-mediated cell proliferation and invasiveness in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Human HCC cell lines PLC and MHCC97L were stably transfected with either full-length Pyk2 or C-terminal non-kinase region of Pyk2 (PRNK). Functional studies on cell proliferation and invasion were conducted in vitro by colony formation assay, adhesion assay, migration assay and wound-healing assay. For the in vivo study, an orthotopic nude mice liver tumor model was applied to investigate the effects of Pyk2 overexpression on tumor growth and metastasis. Overexpression of Pyk2 in PLC cells resulted in an upregulation of colony formation (P = 0.021) and adhesion toward laminin (P = 0.018). Pyk2 promoted wound recovery by stimulation of actin stress fiber polymerization. In the in vivo study, transfection of PRNK in MHCC97L cells significantly decreased tumor volume (P = 0.001) and the incidence of lung metastasis (P = 0.014). Overexpression of Pyk2 promoted the activation of c-Src, formation of Pyk2/c-Src complex and activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-signaling pathway. Pyk2 upregulated the activation of ERK1/2 that is insensitive to MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibition. On the contrary, PRNK overexpression downregulated the activation of c-Src and ERK/MAPK-signaling pathways. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the focal adhesion localization of Pyk2 is a major determinant for c-Src and ERK/MAPK activation. In conclusion, our results showed that Pyk2 promoted cell proliferation and invasiveness by upregulation of the c-Src and ERK/MAPK-signaling pathways.

• Authors: Chris K Sun, Kwan Man, Kevin T Ng, Joanna W Ho, Zophia X Lim, Qiao Cheng, Chung-Mau Lo, Ronnie T Poon, Sheung-Tat Fan
• Journal: Carcinogenesis (Carcinogenesis) Vol. 29 Issue 11 Pg. 2096-105 (Nov 2008) ISSN: 1460-2180 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 18765415 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• DNA Primers
• Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)
• Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases

Topics

• Animals
• Apoptosis
• Base Sequence
• Carcinoma, Hepatocellular (enzymology, pathology)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Proliferation
• DNA Primers
• Enzyme Activation
• Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases (metabolism)
• Fluorescent Antibody Technique
• Focal Adhesion Kinase 2 (metabolism)
• Humans
• Immunohistochemistry
• Liver Neoplasms (enzymology, pathology)
• Mice
• Mice, Nude
• Neoplasm Invasiveness
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) (metabolism)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Up-Regulation