Localization of hRad9 in breast cancer.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

hRad9 is a cell cycle checkpoint gene that is up-regulated in breast cancer. We have previously shown that the mRNA up-regulation correlated with tumor size and local recurrence. Immunohistochemical studies were made to better define the role of hRad9 in breast carcinogenesis.

METHODS:

Localisation of hRad9 protein were performed on paired tumor and normal breast tissues. Immunoblotting with and without dephosphorylation was used to define the protein isolated from breast cancer cells.

RESULTS:

Increased hRad9 protein was observed in breast cancer cells nucleus compared to non-tumor epithelium. This nuclear protein existed in hyperphosphorylated forms which may be those of the hRad9-hRad1-hHus1 complex.

CONCLUSION:

Finding of hyperphosphorylated forms of hRad9 in the nucleus of cancer cells is in keeping with its function in ameliorating DNA instability, whereby it inadvertently assists tumor growth.

• Authors: Vivian Chan, U S Khoo, M S Wong, Ken Lau, Dacita Suen, George Li, Ava Kwong, T K Chan
• Journal: BMC cancer (BMC Cancer) Vol. 8 Pg. 196 (Jul 11 2008) ISSN: 1471-2407 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 18616832 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cell Cycle Proteins
• Protein Isoforms
• Transcription Factors
• rad9 protein
• Phosphotransferases

Topics

• Breast Neoplasms (genetics, pathology)
• Carcinoma (genetics, pathology)
• Cell Cycle Proteins (biosynthesis, genetics)
• Cell Transformation, Neoplastic (genetics)
• DNA Repair (genetics)
• Female
• Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
• Humans
• Immunohistochemistry
• Mammary Glands, Human (metabolism)
• Organ Specificity
• Phosphorylation
• Phosphotransferases (genetics, metabolism)
• Protein Isoforms (biosynthesis)
• Transcription Factors (biosynthesis, genetics)
• Transcriptional Activation