Gravinol ameliorates high-fructose-induced metabolic syndrome through regulation of lipid metabolism and proinflammatory state in rats.

Abstract

Using a rat model with fructose-induced metabolic syndrome, the effect of gravinol was investigated. Male Wistar rats were fed a 65% fructose diet and administered 10 or 20 mg of gravinol/kg of body weight/day for 2 weeks. High-level fructose feeding led to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertri-glyceridemia, and hypertension. On the other hand, the administration of gravinol significantly lowered serum glucose and total cholesterol levels. The tail arterial blood pressure was significantly elevated with the high-fructose diet. However, rats given gravinol showed a lower blood pressure as compared with fructose-fed control rats. In addition, the triglyceride (TG) levels in serum and lipoprotein fraction were dose-dependently reduced in rats fed gravinol. The decreases of hepatic TG and total cholesterol by gravinol were responsible for the down-regulation of hepatic sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1. However, gravinol did not affect the protein levels of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and SREBP-2. Moreover, gravinol administration in the fructose-fed rats markedly reduced the glycosylated protein and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in the serum and hepatic mitochondria, and it inhibited the increase of the cyclooxygenase-2 protein level as a result of the down-regulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Furthermore, the decrease of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 protein levels and the increase of pro-apoptotic bax protein levels by the high-fructose diet were reversed by gravinol. These findings suggest that fructose-induced metabolic syndrome is attenuated by gravinol administration, which is associated with the reduction of serum lipids and protection against the proinflammatory state induced by oxidative stress.

• Authors: Takako Yokozawa, Hyun Ju Kim, Eun Ju Cho
• Journal: Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 56 Issue 13 Pg. 5026-32 (Jul 09 2008) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 18540612 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
• Cytokines
• Grape Seed Extract
• Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins
• PPAR alpha
• Plant Extracts
• Proanthocyanidins
• Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1
• Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2
• Fructose

Topics

• Animals
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins (metabolism)
• Cytokines (immunology)
• Fructose (metabolism)
• Grape Seed Extract
• Inflammation (chemically induced, drug therapy, immunology)
• Lipid Metabolism (drug effects)
• Liver (immunology, metabolism)
• Male
• Metabolic Diseases (chemically induced, drug therapy, immunology)
• PPAR alpha (metabolism)
• Plant Extracts (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Proanthocyanidins (chemistry, pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar
• Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 (metabolism)
• Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2 (metabolism)