CYP2C19*17 is associated with decreased breast cancer risk.

Abstract

Cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and drugs and contributes to the catabolism of endogenous substrates like estradiol. Genetic variability impacts expression and activity of CYP2C19 and therefore can influence catabolism of estrogens. In the present study we analyzed the association of three polymorphisms of CYP2C19 namely CYP2C19*2 (CYP2C19_681_G>A, rs4244285), CYP2C19*3 (CYP2C19_636_G>A, rs57081121) and CYP2C19*17 (CYP2C19_-806_C>T, rs12248560), with breast cancer susceptibility. We genotyped 1,015 breast cancer cases and 1,021 age-matched, population-based controls of the German GENICA study by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Risk estimates were calculated by logistic regression. All tests were two-sided. We observed a decreased breast cancer risk for carriers of the CYP2C19*17 allele (OR 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.93; P = 0.005). In subgroup analysis we observed a significant decreased breast cancer risk for women using hormone therapy for ten years or longer who were carriers of the CYP2C19*17 allele (OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39-0.83; P = 0.003). Since CYP2C19*17 defines an ultra rapid metabolizer phenotype we suggest that an increased catabolism of estrogens by CYP2C19 may lead to decreased estrogen levels and therefore reduces breast cancer risk. This protective effect seems to be stronger in combination with long-term intake of supplemental estrogens during hormone therapy.

• Authors: Christina Justenhoven, Ute Hamann, Christiane B Pierl, Christian Baisch, Volker Harth, Sylvia Rabstein, Anne Spickenheuer, Beate Pesch, Thomas Brüning, Stefan Winter, Yon-Dschun Ko, Hiltrud Brauch
• Journal: Breast cancer research and treatment (Breast Cancer Res Treat) Vol. 115 Issue 2 Pg. 391-6 (May 2009) ISSN: 1573-7217 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 18521743 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases
• CYP2C19 protein, human
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19

Topics

• Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases (genetics)
• Biomarkers, Tumor (genetics)
• Breast Neoplasms (genetics)
• Case-Control Studies
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19
• Female
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Genotype
• Haplotypes
• Humans
• Middle Aged
• Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Risk Factors
• Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization