| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Aspirin is effective for the primary prevention of cardiovascular events, but it remains unclear for which subgroups of individuals aspirin is beneficial. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of aspirin separately for men and women of different ages with various levels of cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS AND RESULTS: A Markov model was developed to predict the number of cardiovascular events prevented, quality-adjusted life-years, and costs over a 10-year period. Event rates were taken from Dutch population data, and the relative effectiveness of aspirin was taken from a gender-specific meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses and Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results. In 55-year-old persons, aspirin prevented myocardial infarctions in men (127 events per 100,000 person-years) and ischemic strokes in women (17 events per 100,000 person-years). Aspirin implies a net investment and a quality-adjusted life-year gain in men 55 years of age; the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 111,949 euros per quality-adjusted life-year (1 euro=$1.27 as of June 2007). Aspirin was cost-effective for 55- and 65-year-old men with moderate cardiovascular risk and men 75 years of age (10-year cardiovascular disease risk >10%). Conversely, aspirin was beneficial for women 65 years of age with high cardiovascular risk and women 75 years of age with moderate cardiovascular risk (10-year cardiovascular disease risk >15%). Results were sensitive to drug treatment costs, effectiveness of aspirin treatment, and utility of taking aspirin. CONCLUSIONS: Aspirin treatment for primary prevention is cost-effective for men with a 10-year cardiovascular disease risk of >10% and for women with a risk of >15%. This occurs much later in life for women than men. Therefore, opportunities for the primary prevention of aspirin seem limited in women, and a differentiated preventive strategy seems warranted. |
| Authors | Jacoba P Greving, Erik Buskens, Hendrik Koffijberg, Ale Algra
(Affiliation: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. J.P.Greving at umcutrecht.nl)
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| Journal | Circulation
(Circulation)
Vol. 117
Issue 22
Pg. 2875-83
(Jun 3 2008)
ISSN: 1524-4539 United States |
| PMID | 18506010
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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| Chemical References |
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| Topics |
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Aspirin
(economics, therapeutic use)
- Cardiovascular Diseases
(epidemiology, prevention & control)
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Drug Evaluation
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Markov Chains
- Middle Aged
- Monte Carlo Method
- Primary Prevention
(methods)
- Risk Assessment
- Sex Factors
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