Abstract | OBJECTIVE: METHOD: The authors conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 176 methylphenidate-treated Caucasian male children (ages 6 to 12) with ADHD but without conduct disorder. The participants were followed up at late adolescence (mean age=18.4 years; retention rate=94%) and adulthood (mean age=25.3; retention rate=85%). One hundred seventy-eight comparison subjects also were included. All subjects were diagnosed by blinded clinicians. The Cox proportional hazards model included the following childhood predictor variables: age at initiation of methylphenidate treatment, total cumulative dose of methylphenidate, treatment duration, IQ, severity of hyperactivity, socioeconomic status, and lifetime parental psychopathology. Separate models tested for the following four lifetime outcomes: any substance use disorder, alcohol use disorder, non-alcohol substance use disorder, and stimulant use disorder. Other outcomes included antisocial personality, mood, and anxiety disorders. RESULTS: CONCLUSIONS: Early age at initiation of methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD does not increase the risk for negative outcomes and may have beneficial long-term effects.
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Authors | Salvatore Mannuzza, Rachel G Klein, Nhan L Truong, John L Moulton 3rd, Erica R Roizen, Kathryn H Howell, Francisco X Castellanos |
Journal | The American journal of psychiatry
(Am J Psychiatry)
Vol. 165
Issue 5
Pg. 604-9
(May 2008)
ISSN: 1535-7228 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 18381904
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
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Chemical References |
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
- Methylphenidate
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Topics |
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
(drug therapy, epidemiology)
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
(therapeutic use)
- Child
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Methylphenidate
(therapeutic use)
- Observer Variation
- Parents
- Prevalence
- Prospective Studies
- Substance-Related Disorders
(epidemiology)
- Surveys and Questionnaires
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