Anti-tumoral and anti-inflammatory effects of biological stains.

Abstract	The biological stains, methylene blue and its metabolite azure B, were evaluated as anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory agents. Azur B, administered in drinking water to tumor-bearing mice, inhibited the growth of transplanted tumors and the growth of primary tumors induced by methylcholanthrene. Inhibition of growth of primary tumors was observed only in female mice. Azure B also reduced the wet weight of carrageenin-induced granulomas in rats. Azure B, given intravenously to BCG-sensitized mice 15 minutes prior to challenge with lipopolysaccharide, decreased TNF production (to 10% of control values) and prevented death from endotoxic shock. Methylene blue decreased TNF production (to 50% of control values) but did not protect the animals from endotoxic shock. Our results suggest that some of the effects previously ascribed to methylene blue are probably mediated via its metabolite, i.e. azure B. Low toxicity and easy administration of the dyes explain their use in clinical settings.
Authors	F Culo, D Sabolović, L Somogyi, M Marusić, N Berbiguier, L Galey
Journal	Agents and actions (Agents Actions) Vol. 34 Issue 3-4 Pg. 424-8 (Nov 1991) ISSN: 0065-4299 [Print] Switzerland
PMID	1810151 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References	Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Antineoplastic Agents Azure Stains BCG Vaccine Lipopolysaccharides Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Methylcholanthrene Azure B Carrageenan Methylene Blue
Topics	Animals Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (therapeutic use) Antineoplastic Agents (therapeutic use) Azure Stains (therapeutic use) BCG Vaccine (immunology) Carrageenan Female Fibrosarcoma (chemically induced, drug therapy) Granuloma (chemically induced, drug therapy) Lipopolysaccharides Male Methylcholanthrene Methylene Blue (therapeutic use) Mice Mice, Inbred CBA Neoplasm Transplantation Shock, Septic (drug therapy) Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (biosynthesis)

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