Cytotoxic effects of four different endodontic materials in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity, induced apoptosis and/or necrosis, and apoptotic mechanisms in human periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts treated with four different endodontic materials: White ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (MTA/Dentsply; Tulsa Dental, Memphis, TN), Diaket (ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), Endion (VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany), and CYMED 8410 (NANO, Kaohsiung, Taiwan). The effects of these four materials on the viability of PDL fibroblasts were determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-SH-tetrazolium bromide) assay. Apoptotic pathways were evaluated via several mechanisms. Exposure to MTA for 24, 48, and 72 hours resulted in no significant differences in MTT reduction and viable cell number compared with controls. However, treatment of PDL fibroblasts with Diaket, Endion, and CYMED 8410 for 24, 48, and 72 hours resulted in cytotoxicity with MTT and a reduction of viable cell number with trypan blue dye exclusion test compared with controls (from p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Annexin V-FITC/PI staining showed that Diaket, Endion, and CYMED 8410 induced higher percentages of apoptosis and/or necrosis than in controls (45.6%, 25.5%, and 6.3%, respectively). Results of cell-cycle analyses were concordant with annexin V-FITC/PI staining findings. These results suggest that MTA is a very biocompatible filling material. However, Diaket, Endion, and CYMED 8410 are toxic to PDL fibroblasts in vitro. The main form of cell death induced by these filling materials was determined to be apoptosis and/or necrosis.

• Authors: Melahat Gorduysus, Nihal Avcu, Omer Gorduysus, Aysel Pekel, Yusuf Baran, Ferit Avcu, Ali Ugur Ural
• Journal: Journal of endodontics (J Endod) Vol. 33 Issue 12 Pg. 1450-4 (Dec 2007) ISSN: 0099-2399 [Print] United States
• PMID: 18037057 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Annexin A5
• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Root Canal Filling Materials

Topics

• Annexin A5 (metabolism)
• Cell Cycle (drug effects)
• Cell Death
• Cells, Cultured
• Enzyme Inhibitors (metabolism)
• Fibroblasts (drug effects)
• Humans
• Periodontal Ligament (cytology, drug effects)
• Root Canal Filling Materials (toxicity)