Differential responses of circulating amylin to high-fat vs. high-carbohydrate meal in healthy men.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

The success of an amylin analogue in weight loss trials has generated interest in amylin as a physiological satiety signal. Little is known about how plasma amylin responds to macronutrients. This study examined the effects of a high-carbohydrate meal (CHO), a high-fat meal (FAT) or a continued fast (FAST) on amylin concentrations and correlations among other satiety hormones and measures of appetite.

DESIGN/PATIENTS:

In a randomized, crossover design, 10 healthy males consumed a meal high in carbohydrate or fat or continued fasted.

MEASUREMENTS:

Blood samples and subjective hunger scores were obtained at baseline and 30, 90 and 210 min postprandial.

RESULTS:

After CHO, amylin, insulin and C-peptide were greater and des-acyl ghrelin lower compared to FAT (P < 0.001). Area under the curve (AUC) was greater for amylin and insulin and lower for des-acyl ghrelin following CHO. Subjective satiety and fullness were higher for CHO and FAT than FAST at 30 and 90 min but only for CHO at 210 min (P < 0.01). Hunger and desire to eat were lower for CHO and FAT than FAST at 30 and 90 min but only for CHO at 210 min (P < 0.005). Amylin was negatively correlated to hunger, desire to eat, and nausea and positively related to satiety and insulin. Des-acyl ghrelin was negatively associated with C-peptide, insulin and GLP-1 and satiety.

CONCLUSIONS:

CHO enhances amylin and suppresses des-acyl ghrelin to a greater extent than FAT in healthy men. The mechanisms responsible for these changes and their implications in the physiology of satiety remain to be elucidated.

• Authors: Lindsay K Eller, Philip N Ainslie, Marc J Poulin, Raylene A Reimer
• Journal: Clinical endocrinology (Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)) Vol. 68 Issue 6 Pg. 890-7 (Jun 2008) ISSN: 1365-2265 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 18031323 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Amyloid
• Blood Glucose
• C-Peptide
• Dietary Carbohydrates
• Dietary Fats
• Ghrelin
• Insulin
• Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1

Topics

• Adult
• Amyloid (blood)
• Area Under Curve
• Blood Glucose
• C-Peptide (blood)
• Cross-Over Studies
• Dietary Carbohydrates (pharmacology)
• Dietary Fats (pharmacology)
• Ghrelin (blood)
• Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (blood)
• Humans
• Hunger
• Insulin (blood)
• Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
• Male