Human beta-defensin-1 and -2 and matrix metalloproteinase-25 and -26 expression in chronic and aggressive periodontitis and in peri-implantitis.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Aberrant matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and human beta-defensin (HBD) functions have been found in inflammatory diseases. The objectives of this study were to investigate the immunolocalisation, mRNA expression and molecular forms of MMP-25, MMP-26, HBD-1 and HBD-2 in chronic and aggressive periodontitis and in peri-implantitis. The expression of MMP-25 by cultured human plasmacytoma cells and macrophages, and the effects of MMP-26 and Porphyromonas gingivalis trypsin-like proteinase on HBD-1 and -2 were also studied.

DESIGN:

Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescent analysis, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting were used to assess localisation, mRNA expression and molecular forms of MMP-25, MMP-26, HBD-1 and HBD-2. HBD degradation by MMP-26 and P. gingivalis proteinase was studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

RESULTS:

MMP-25 was present in plasma cells and polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and MMP-26 was present in oral and sulcular basement membrane zones. HBD-1 was distributed perivasculary in gingival connective tissue and in oral and sulcular epithelium, and HBD-2 was found to a lesser extent in the perivascular space. Low MMP-25, MMP-26, HBD-1 and HBD-2 mRNA expression was found. Immunoblot revealed 29-57-kDa MMP-25 in myeloma cell lysates, but not in macrophages, and partly activated MMP-25 and -26 in diseased gingival crevicular fluid and peri-implant sulcular fluid. P. gingivalis trypsin-like proteinase degraded HBD-1 and -2.

CONCLUSIONS:

Both MMP-25 and -26 were expressed more strongly in extensively inflamed gingiva compared with healthy gingiva. The expression of HBD-1 was stronger than that of HBD-2 in periodontitis and peri-implantitis. De-novo expression of MMP-25 and -26 is associated with periodontal and peri-implant inflammation. Furthermore, P. gingivalis trypsin-like proteinase, but not MMP-26, can degrade HBD-1 and -2, which could lead to a weakened innate immune response.

• Authors: Heidi Kuula, Tuula Salo, Emma Pirilä, Jaana Hagström, Marita Luomanen, Ana Gutierrez-Fernandez, Georgios E Romanos, Timo Sorsa
• Journal: Archives of oral biology (Arch Oral Biol) Vol. 53 Issue 2 Pg. 175-86 (Feb 2008) ISSN: 0003-9969 [Print] England
• PMID: 17996844 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Infective Agents
• Dental Implants
• beta-Defensins
• Matrix Metalloproteinases

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Anti-Infective Agents (metabolism)
• Chronic Disease
• Dental Implants
• Female
• Gene Expression
• Gingivitis (metabolism)
• Humans
• Immunohistochemistry
• Male
• Matrix Metalloproteinases (genetics, metabolism)
• Middle Aged
• Periodontitis (metabolism)
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (methods)
• Porphyromonas gingivalis (genetics, metabolism)
• beta-Defensins (genetics, metabolism)