In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones against clinical isolates of Nocardia identified by partial 16S rRNA sequencing.

Abstract

Fluoroquinolones have several properties that make them potentially attractive candidates for the treatment of Nocardia infections, but information regarding their in vitro activity is limited. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of five fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials were determined by the reference broth dilution and E-test methods for 33 consecutive clinical isolates of Nocardia speciated by 16S rRNA gene sequences. The isolates included: Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (n = 6), N. nova (n = 8), N. farcinica (n = 8), N. brasiliensis (n = 3), N. asteroides (n = 4), and N. veterana (n = 4). MIC50/MIC90 results for ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin by broth dilution were 32/32, 2/4, 1/4, 32/32, and 2/2 microg/ml, respectively. The MICs by broth dilution and E-test were within a two-fold doubling dilution for 94%, 97%, 97%, 100%, and 100% of isolates for ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, gemifloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin, respectively. For ciprofloxacin, the E-test results showed either complete categorical agreement or minor error compared to the reference broth dilution method for 97% (32/33) of the isolates. For other fluoroquinolones, using Streptococcus pneumoniae breakpoints, 94% (124/132) of MIC results by E-test showed either complete agreement or minor error compared to the reference broth dilution method. Fluoroquinolones show variable in vitro activity against clinical isolates of Nocardia spp., and MICs determined by the E-test show reasonable agreement with those determined by the reference broth dilution method.

• Authors: G Hansen, S Swanzy, R Gupta, B Cookson, A P Limaye
• Journal: European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology (Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis) Vol. 27 Issue 2 Pg. 115-20 (Feb 2008) ISSN: 0934-9723 [Print] Germany
• PMID: 17992548 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Bacterial Agents
• DNA, Bacterial
• DNA, Ribosomal
• Fluoroquinolones
• RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Topics

• Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology)
• Ascitic Fluid (microbiology)
• Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid (microbiology)
• DNA, Bacterial (genetics)
• DNA, Ribosomal (genetics)
• Fluoroquinolones (pharmacology)
• Humans
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Nocardia (classification, drug effects, genetics, isolation & purification)
• Nocardia Infections (microbiology)
• RNA, Ribosomal, 16S (genetics)
• Sequence Analysis, DNA
• Sputum (microbiology)