Anticancer drugs are generally plagued by toxic manifestations at doses necessary for control of various forms of
cancer. Incorporating such drugs into
liposomes not only reduces toxicity but also enhances the therapeutic index. Some
antioxidants and potent
immunomodulators have also been shown to impart significant antitumor activity presumably by nonspecific activation of the host immune system. In the present study, we evaluated augmentation of the antitumor activity of
etoposide (ETP) by the
immunomodulator tuftsin in Swiss albino mice with
fibrosarcoma. The efficacies of the free form of ETP, liposomized ETP (Lip-ETP), and
tuftsin-bearing liposomized ETP (Tuft-Lip-ETP) formulations were evaluated on the basis of
tumor regression, effect on expression level of p53wt and p53mut, and survival of the treated animals. Tuft-Lip-ETP, when administered at a dosage of 10 mg/kg
body weight/day for five days, significantly reduced
tumor volume, delayed
tumor growth, and also up-regulated the expression of p53wt. In contrast, although Lip-ETP delayed
tumor growth, it did not decrease
tumor size. The results of the present study suggest that
tuftsin incorporation in
drug-loaded
liposomes is a promising treatment strategy for various forms of
cancers, including
fibrosarcoma.