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Theory of mind in schizophrenia: meta-analysis.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Mentalising impairment (an impaired ability to think about people in terms of their mental states) has frequently been associated with schizophrenia.
AIMS:
To assess the magnitude of the deficit and analyse associated factors.
METHOD:
Twenty-nine studies of mentalising in schizophrenia (combined n=1518), published between January 1993 and May 2006, were included to estimate overall effect size. Study descriptors predicted to influence effect size were analysed using weighted regression-analysis techniques. Separate analyses were performed for symptom subgroups and task types.
RESULTS:
The estimated overall effect size was large and statistically significant (d=-1.255, P<0.0001) and was not significantly affected by sample characteristics. All symptom subgroups showed significant mentalising impairment, but participants with symptoms of disorganisation were significantly more impaired than the other subgroups (P<0.01).
CONCLUSIONS:
This meta-analysis showed significant and stable mentalising impairment in schizophrenia. The finding that patients in remission are also impaired favours the notion that mentalising impairment represents a possible trait marker of schizophrenia.
AuthorsMirjam Sprong, Patricia Schothorst, Ellen Vos, Joop Hox, Herman van Engeland
JournalThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science (Br J Psychiatry) Vol. 191 Pg. 5-13 (Jul 2007) ISSN: 0007-1250 [Print] England
PMID17602119 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Meta-Analysis, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)
Topics
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cognition Disorders (epidemiology, psychology)
  • Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic
  • Humans
  • Schizophrenia (classification, epidemiology)
  • Schizophrenic Psychology
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Social Perception
  • Statistics as Topic

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