Effect of coumaphos on cholinesterase activity, hematology, and biochemical blood parameters of bovines in tropical regions of Mexico.

Abstract

To assess the effect of coumaphos [O-(3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl) O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate] exposure on physiological responses during bovine production, acetylcolinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities were measured in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma of healthy male steers (Bos Taurus x Bos indicus) sprayed with coumaphos at a non-lethal dose of 1 mg kg(- 1) body weight per day once every 14 (in vivo group) or 21 days (southern and central groups). Coumaphos topically administered at 1 mg/kg body weight per day to cattle under normal management practices in tropical areas produced a significant inhibition in erythrocyte (RBC) AChE and BuAChE activities when compared to baseline levels. RBC-AChE activity for the in vivo group decreased 71.3% (P < 0.05) and BuChE activity 59.1% (P < 0.05); RBC-AChE activity decreased 55.1% (P < 0.05) (southern group) and 43.4% (P < 0.05) (central group). Compared to the control specimens, steers from in vivo, southern, and central groups after 150 days of exposure had lower (P < 0.05) leukocyte count, absolute lymphocyte, erythrocyte, and platelet counts. Decreases in RBC-AChE activities correlated with decreased lymphocyte (r = 1.000, p = 0.01), erythrocyte (r = 1.000, p = 0.003), and platelet counts (r = 0.841, p = 0.036). Significantly increased BUN levels (P < 0.05) correlated with the decrease in RBC-AChE activities (r = - 0.997, p = 0.047) and with the decrease in absolute red blood cell (r = - 0.883, p = 0.020) and lymphocyte (r = - 0.825, p = 0.043) counts; increased (P < 0.05) total plasma protein levels correlated with the decrease in RBC-AChE activities (r = -0.998, p = 0.043), absolute red blood cell (r = - 0.998, p = 0.040), lymphocyte (r = - 0.893, p = 0.017), and platelet (r = -0.855, p = 0.030) counts. The physiological responses correlated with the erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase inhibition could be considered as early indicators or warning responses of bovine exposures to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs).

• Authors: Violeta T Pardío, Nelly De J Ibarra, Krzysztof N Waliszewski, Karla M López
• Journal: Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B, Pesticides, food contaminants, and agricultural wastes (J Environ Sci Health B) Vol. 42 Issue 4 Pg. 359-66 (May 2007) ISSN: 0360-1234 [Print] England
• PMID: 17474014 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Cholinesterase Inhibitors
• Acetylcholinesterase
• Butyrylcholinesterase
• Cholinesterases
• Coumaphos

Topics

• Acetylcholinesterase (blood, metabolism)
• Administration, Topical
• Animals
• Blood Cell Count (veterinary)
• Blood Chemical Analysis (veterinary)
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Butyrylcholinesterase (blood, metabolism)
• Cattle (blood, physiology)
• Cholinesterase Inhibitors (pharmacology)
• Cholinesterases (blood, metabolism)
• Coumaphos (pharmacology)
• Environmental Exposure
• Erythrocytes (enzymology)
• Male
• Mexico
• Random Allocation