Sinomenine, a purified
alkaloid extracted from Sinomenium acutum, has been employed to treat
arthritis for a long time. Previous studies have shown that
sinomenine has favorable function of immunosuppression, but the exact mechanism has not been illustrated yet. In this study, we investigated the effect of
sinomenine on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs).
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced DCs, exposed to
sinomenine or only medium, were tested for their maturation parameters,
cytokine expression, mixed lymphocyte reaction, activity and translocation of
nuclear factor-kappa B (
NF-kappaB) and phosphorylation of p38 stress-activated
protein kinase (p38SAPK). Down-regulated membrane expression of CD40, CD80, CD83, CD86, and
HLA-DR were found on DCs exposed to
sinomenine. Similar result was noticed in their
IL-12 production. Reduced activity and translocation of
NF-kappaB was also detected in
sinomenine treated DCs, except for the level of p38SAPK phosphorylation. Our results support the conclusion that
sinomenine inhibits immune responses through suppressing the functions of antigen-presenting cells and
NF-kappaB pathway is involved in their maturation cascade and T-cell activation. The findings indicate the potency for
sinomenine to be generally used in DCs-mediated
autoimmune diseases.