Temporal and spatial distributions of foot-and-mouth disease under three different strategies of control and eradication in Colombia (1982-2003).

Abstract

Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) from January 1982 through December 2003 were used to examine variations in serotype- and species-specific risk for three control programmes in Colombia: (1982-1983) vaccination, using an aluminium hydroxide, saponin adjuvant, required but not enforced; (1984-1996) vaccination, using an oil double-emulsion adjuvant, required but not enforced; and (1997-2003) enforced vaccination, using an oil double-emulsion adjuvant, restricted animal movement enforced, and slaughter of infected animals. Hypotheses were tested for trend, cyclicity and seasonality in FMD occurrence, and for species- and serotype-specific differences in morbidity and case-fatality. The spatial density of outbreaks was estimated by kernel smoothing. The frequency of outbreaks decreased most between 1984 and 1996 (p < 0.01) for serotype A and between 1997 and 2003 (p < 0.01) for serotype O. Outbreaks occurred in cycles of 3-4 years for both serotypes (p < 0.05). Morbidity was not significantly different in pigs from that in cattle for serotype A-associated outbreaks (p = 0.314), but was higher in pigs than in cattle (p = 0.019) for serotype O-associated outbreaks. For both serotypes, case-fatality was higher for pigs than for cattle (p < 0.009). Temporal variation in FMD incidence provided insight into the expected evolution of FMD control for countries with similar conditions and where FMD is endemic.

• Authors: M L Gallego, A M Perez, M C Thurmond
• Journal: Veterinary research communications (Vet Res Commun) Vol. 31 Issue 7 Pg. 819-34 (Oct 2007) ISSN: 0165-7380 [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 17285248 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Viral Vaccines

Topics

• Animals
• Cattle
• Cattle Diseases (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Colombia (epidemiology)
• Demography
• Disease Outbreaks (prevention & control, veterinary)
• Foot-and-Mouth Disease (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (classification, isolation & purification)
• Seasons
• Serotyping (veterinary)
• Species Specificity
• Swine
• Swine Diseases (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Time Factors
• Vaccination (veterinary)
• Viral Vaccines (administration & dosage)