Acorus calamus extracts and nickel chloride: prevention of oxidative damage and hyperproliferation response in rat kidney.

Abstract

Nickel, a major environmental pollutant, is known for its clastogenic, toxic, and carcinogenic potential. In this article, we report the effect of Acorus calamus on nickel chloride (NiCl2)-induced renal oxidative stress, toxicity, and cell proliferation response in male Wistar rats. NiCl2 (250 micromol/kg body weight/mL) enhanced reduced renal glutathione content (GSH), glutathione- S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), lipid peroxidation (LPO), H2O2 generation, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine with a concomitant decrease in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p < 0.001). NiCl2 administration also dose-dependently induced the renal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity several-fold as compared to salinetreated control rats. Similarly, renal DNA synthesis, which is measured in terms of [3H] thymidine incorporation in DNA, was elevated following NiCl2 treatment. Prophylactic treatment of rats with A. calamus (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight po) daily for 1 wk resulted in the diminution of NiCl2- mediated damage, as evident from the downregulation of glutathione content, GST, GR, LPO, H2O2 generation, BUN, serum creatinine, DNA synthesis (p < 0.001), and ODC activity (p < 0.01) with concomitant restoration of GPx activity. These results clearly demonstrate the role of oxidative stress and its relation to renal disfunctioning and suggest a protective effect of A. calamus on NiCl2-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat experimental model.

• Authors: Lakshmi Prasad, Tajdar Husain Khan, Tamanna Jahangir, Sarwat Sultana
• Journal: Biological trace element research (Biol Trace Elem Res) Vol. 113 Issue 1 Pg. 77-92 (Oct 2006) ISSN: 0163-4984 [Print] United States
• PMID: 17114817 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Plant Extracts
• nickel chloride
• Nickel
• DNA
• Creatinine
• Hydrogen Peroxide
• Glutathione Peroxidase
• Glutathione Reductase
• Glutathione Transferase
• Ornithine Decarboxylase
• Glutathione

Topics

• Acorus (chemistry)
• Animals
• Blood Urea Nitrogen
• Creatinine (blood)
• DNA (biosynthesis)
• Glutathione (metabolism)
• Glutathione Peroxidase (metabolism)
• Glutathione Reductase (metabolism)
• Glutathione Transferase (metabolism)
• Hydrogen Peroxide (blood)
• Kidney (drug effects)
• Lipid Peroxidation (drug effects)
• Male
• Nickel (antagonists & inhibitors, pharmacology)
• Ornithine Decarboxylase (metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress (drug effects)
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
• Rats
• Rats, Wistar