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Preclinical pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and activity of a humanized anti-CD40 antibody (SGN-40) in rodents and non-human primates.

Abstract
1. Cell-surface expression of CD40 in B-cell malignancies and multiple solid tumors has raised interest in its potential use as a target for antibody-based cancer therapy. SGN-40, a humanized monoclonal anti-CD40 antibody, mediates antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and inhibits B-cell tumor growth in vitro, properties of interest for the treatment of cancers, and is currently in Phase I clinical trials for B-cell malignancies. In this study, we determined in vivo activity and pharmacokinetics properties of SGN-40. 2. Effect of SGN-40 in xenograft model of CD40-expressing B-cell lymphoma in severe-combined immune deficiency mice and its in vivo pharmacokinetics properties in normal mice, rats and cynomolgus monkeys were studied. 3. Treatment with SGN-40 significantly increased the survival of mice xenografted with human B-cell lymphoma cell line. SGN-40 exhibited nearly 100% bioavailability in mice and it cleared faster when given at a low dose. In monkeys, clearance of SGN-40 was also much faster at low dose, suggesting nonlinear pharmacokinetics in these species. In rats, however, SGN-40 clearance at all tested doses was similar, suggesting that pharmacokinetics were linear in this dose range in rats. Administration of SGN-40 to monkeys also produced marked, dose-dependent, and persistent depletion of peripheral CD20(+) B lymphocytes. 4. Data presented in this report suggest that SGN-40 is active in in vivo, and based upon interspecies scaling, SGN-40 clearance in humans is predicted to be similar to observed SGN-40 clearance in monkeys. These data suggest that SGN-40 has appropriate pharmacokinetic properties that support its clinical use.
AuthorsSean K Kelley, Thomas Gelzleichter, Dong Xie, Wyne P Lee, Walter C Darbonne, Ferhan Qureshi, Kim Kissler, Ezogelin Oflazoglu, Iqbal S Grewal
JournalBritish journal of pharmacology (Br J Pharmacol) Vol. 148 Issue 8 Pg. 1116-23 (Aug 2006) ISSN: 0007-1188 [Print] England
PMID16847437 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • CD40 Antigens
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • CD40 Antigens (immunology)
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Macaca fascicularis
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, SCID
  • Species Specificity

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