Abstract | OBJECTIVES:
Omega-3 fatty acids exhibit anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and antiarrhythmic properties. We investigated the extent and underlying mechanism of protection conferred by a pre-emptive omega-3 infusion in a model of regional cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: New-Zealand White rabbits received either the omega-3 infusion or a control infusion of 0.9% saline (n = 14 in each group). The large marginal branch of the left coronary artery was occluded for 30 minutes, cardiac function was assessed during 3 hours of reperfusion, and infarct size was measured. Pretreatment-induced alterations in myocardial membrane fatty acid composition and intramyocardial heat shock protein 72 were additionally assessed (n = 5 in each group). Serum markers of myocardial membrane oxidative stress, malonaldehyde and 8-isoprostane, were also determined. Results are expressed as means +/- standard error of the mean and significance was tested with analysis of variance. RESULTS: Pretreatment increased myocardial membrane omega-3 fatty acid content 5-fold, from 0.94% +/- 0.07% in controls to 5.38% +/- 0.44% in the omega-3 group (P < .01), and it produced a 225% elevation of levels of heat shock protein 72 (P = .019) before ischemia-reperfusion. This was associated with a 40% reduction in infarct size (P < .01). Whereas the reperfusion-induced rise in malonaldehyde levels was higher with omega-3 pretreatment, 10.2 +/-1.5 micromol/L versus 6.1 +/- 0.7 micromol/L in controls (P = .04), 8-isoprostanes showed a 9-fold reduction, 679 +/- 190 pg/mL in controls vs 74 +/- 45 pg/mL in the omega-3 group (P = .0077). CONCLUSIONS: A pre-emptive omega-3 infusion significantly reduces infarct size through the dual mechanisms of upregulation of heat shock protein 72, a key preconditioning protein, and a dramatic increase in the omega-3 content of myocardial membranes, which appears to facilitate a shift in oxidant ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further study to optimally shorten the pretreatment regimen for this potentially acceptable infusion will now be pursued.
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Authors | J McGuinness, T G Neilan, A Sharkasi, D Bouchier-Hayes, J M Redmond |
Journal | The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
(J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg)
Vol. 132
Issue 1
Pg. 72-9
(Jul 2006)
ISSN: 1097-685X [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 16798305
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins
- Docosahexaenoic Acids
- 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha
- Arachidonic Acid
- Malondialdehyde
- Eicosapentaenoic Acid
- Dinoprost
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Topics |
- Animals
- Arachidonic Acid
(analysis)
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Membrane
(chemistry)
- Dinoprost
(analogs & derivatives, metabolism)
- Disease Models, Animal
- Docosahexaenoic Acids
(analysis)
- Eicosapentaenoic Acid
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3
(administration & dosage, metabolism, pharmacology)
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
(analysis)
- HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins
(analysis, metabolism)
- Immunohistochemistry
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial
(methods)
- Male
- Malondialdehyde
(analysis)
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
(physiopathology, prevention & control)
- Myocardium
(chemistry)
- Oxidation-Reduction
- Oxidative Stress
- Rabbits
- Up-Regulation
- Ventricular Function, Left
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