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Selenoprotein deficiency accelerates prostate carcinogenesis in a transgenic model.

Abstract
Considerable animal and human data have indicated that selenium is effective in reducing the incidence of several different types of cancer, including that of the prostate. However, the mechanism by which selenium inhibits carcinogenesis remains unknown. One possibility is that dietary selenium influences the levels of selenium-containing proteins, or selenoproteins. Selenoproteins contain selenium in the form of selenocysteine and perform a variety of cellular functions, including antioxidant defense. To determine whether the levels of selenoproteins can influence carcinogenesis independent of selenium intake, a unique mouse model was developed by breeding two transgenic animals: mice with reduced selenoprotein levels because of the expression of an altered selenocysteine-tRNA (i6A-) and mice that develop prostate cancer because of the targeted expression of the SV40 large T and small t oncogenes to that organ [C3(1)/Tag]. The resulting bigenic animals (i6A-/Tag) and control WT/Tag mice were assessed for the presence, degree, and progression of prostatic epithelial hyperplasia and nuclear atypia. The selenoprotein-deficient mice exhibited accelerated development of lesions associated with prostate cancer progression, implicating selenoproteins in cancer risk and development and raising the possibility that selenium prevents cancer by modulating the levels of these selenoproteins.
AuthorsVeda Diwadkar-Navsariwala, Gail S Prins, Steven M Swanson, Lynn A Birch, Vera H Ray, Samad Hedayat, Daniel L Lantvit, Alan M Diamond
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 103 Issue 21 Pg. 8179-84 (May 23 2006) ISSN: 0027-8424 [Print] United States
PMID16690748 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.)
Chemical References
  • Selenoproteins
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
Topics
  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Glutathione Peroxidase (metabolism)
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Prostate (metabolism)
  • Prostatic Neoplasms (diagnosis, genetics)
  • Selenoproteins (deficiency, genetics)

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