Abstract |
An extract of royal jelly (RJ) induced processes from cultured rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells. Active components were isolated, and identified as adenosine monophosphate ( AMP) and AMP N1-oxide. AMP N1-oxide was more than 20 times as active as AMP, judging from the minimal concentration to elicit activity. AMP N1-oxide was thought to be responsible for about half of the process-forming activity of whole RJ. Chemically-synthesized AMP N1-oxide was active similarly to the molecule purified from RJ, confirming AMP N1-oxide as the active entity. AMP N1-oxide also suppressed proliferation of PC12 cells and stimulated expression of neurofilament M, a specific protein of mature neurons, demonstrating the stimulatory activity of AMP N1-oxide to induce neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells. Pharmacological experiments suggested that AMP N1-oxide actions are mediated by adenyl cyclase-coupled adenosine receptors, including A2A. Thus AMP N1-oxide is a key molecule that characterizes RJ, and is not found in natural products other than RJ.
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Authors | Noriko Hattori, Hiroshi Nomoto, Satoshi Mishima, Shinsuke Inagaki, Masashi Goto, Magoichi Sako, Shoei Furukawa |
Journal | Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry
(Biosci Biotechnol Biochem)
Vol. 70
Issue 4
Pg. 897-906
(Apr 2006)
ISSN: 0916-8451 [Print] England |
PMID | 16636457
(Publication Type: Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- AMP N1-oxide
- Fatty Acids
- Oxides
- Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists
- Receptors, Purinergic P1
- Adenosine Monophosphate
- royal jelly
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Topics |
- Adenosine Monophosphate
(analogs & derivatives, chemistry, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
- Animals
- Cell Movement
(drug effects)
- Cell Proliferation
(drug effects)
- Cell Shape
- Chromatography, Ion Exchange
- Fatty Acids
(chemistry)
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Molecular Structure
- Neurons
(cytology, drug effects)
- Oxides
(chemistry, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
- PC12 Cells
- Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists
- Rats
- Receptors, Purinergic P1
(metabolism)
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
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