ALDH2 polymorphisms and bone mineral density in an elderly Japanese population.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial genetic disease which greatly increases the risk of bone fracture in elderly persons.

METHODS:

Four hundred and three recipients of a community health screening program were examined for the presence/absence of osteoporosis and 11 kinds of gene polymorphisms as a means of determining the relation between these gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis. The gene polymorphisms screened were: alcohol sensitivity-associated polymorphisms of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH2) Arg47His, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) Glu487Lys, smoking sensitivity-associated polymorphisms of glutathione S transferase (GST) M1, (GST)T1, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T, inflammation-associated polymorphisms of interleukin-1beta (IL-1B)T-31C, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) T-1031C, endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) Glu298Asp, longevity-associated polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) 5178 A/C, allergy-associated polymorphism of interleukin-4 (IL-4), and immunity-associated polymorphism of CD14.

RESULTS:

A significant association was found between the ALDH2Glu478Lys gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis. In the osteoporosis group of patients, a significant difference was noted between the Lys/Lys group and the group comprising Glu/Lys and Glu/Glu groups (namely, the genotypes including Glu alleles). In the Lys/Lys group, after age, sex, BMI, smoking history and alcohol consumption history had been adjusted for, the morbidity rate was significantly elevated [odds ratio (OR): 3.33; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.28-8.71; p=0.014], and the effect was even more evident in the sub-group of women with osteoporosis (OR: 4.31; 95% CI: 1.24-14.92; p=0.021).

CONCLUSIONS:

The present results suggest that active prophylactic interventions such as dietary, exercise, and pharmacological therapies should be offered to non-carriers of the Glu allele (Lys/Lys).

• Authors: J Yamaguchi, Y Hasegawa, M Kawasaki, T Masui, T Kanoh, N Ishiguro, N Hamajima
• Journal: Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA (Osteoporos Int) Vol. 17 Issue 6 Pg. 908-13 ( 2006) ISSN: 0937-941X [Print] England
• PMID: 16520888 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

Topics

• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (genetics)
• Asian People
• Bone Density (genetics)
• Calcaneus (diagnostic imaging)
• Cohort Studies
• Female
• Genetic Predisposition to Disease
• Humans
• Japan
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Osteoporosis (genetics)
• Polymorphism, Genetic
• Ultrasonography