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Lipoxin biosynthesis in inflammatory bowel disease.

AbstractBACKGROUND AND AIMS:
Lipoxins are anti-inflammatory lipid mediators that are produced in gut mucosa, which serve to limit and resolve persistent inflammation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate colonic lipoxin biosynthesis in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) to establish a possible biochemical basis for persistent inflammation in UC.
METHODS:
Colonic mucosa from patients with UC or organ donors (controls) was placed into tissue culture for 90 min. The conditioned media was assayed (ELISA) for lipoxin A4 (LXA) and the biologically active isomer 15-epi-LXA4 (aspirin triggered lipoxin, ATL). Mucosal tissue 15-lipoxygenase protein was determined by Western blot.
RESULTS:
Patient colonic mucosa produced significantly lower (12-fold) amounts of LXA, relative to organ donors. This occurred irregardless of patient steroid treatment. However, patient tissue responded to in vitro aspirin by synthesizing biologically active ATL. For the first time, human colonic mucosa was found to synthesize 15-lipoxygenase-2, an epithelial-derived isoenzyme used for lipoxin synthesis. These levels were significantly lower in UC patients compared to the control tissue. Finally, mice chronically treated with a putative selective 15-lipoxygenase inhibitor (PD 146176) experienced significantly worse intestinal function during experimental colitis, relative to untreated mice.
CONCLUSION:
Colonic mucosa from UC patients demonstrated defective lipoxin biosynthesis, which may contribute to the inability of these patients to resolve persistent colonic inflammation.
AuthorsMartin J Mangino, Lionel Brounts, Bruce Harms, Charles Heise
JournalProstaglandins & other lipid mediators (Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat) Vol. 79 Issue 1-2 Pg. 84-92 (Mar 2006) ISSN: 1098-8823 [Print] United States
PMID16516812 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • 6,11-dihydro-5-thia-11-aza-benzo(a)-fluorene
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Fluorenes
  • Lipoxins
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • lipoxin A4
  • ALOX15B protein, human
  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase
Topics
  • Animals
  • Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase (metabolism)
  • Colitis, Ulcerative (metabolism, pathology)
  • Colon (metabolism, pathology)
  • Enzyme Inhibitors (administration & dosage)
  • Fluorenes (administration & dosage)
  • Humans
  • Inflammation (metabolism, pathology)
  • Intestinal Mucosa (metabolism, pathology)
  • Lipoxins (biosynthesis)
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • Mice

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