Possible cerebroprotective and in vivo NMDA antagonist activities of sigma agents.

Abstract

The recent finding that ifenprodil binds with high affinity to sigma sites suggests that other sigma agents may have ifenprodil-like cerebroprotectant and functional N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist effects. The present study, compared the in vivo effects of ifenprodil and the sigma agents, BMY 14802, caramiphen and haloperidol, in three tests sensitive to NMDA antagonists and purported cerebroprotectant drugs. When administered at or below the rotorod TD50 dose, all four compounds significantly increased survival time in an hypoxic environment (4% O2 in nitrogen). Caramiphen and ifenprodil (ED50 = 52 and 61 mg/kg, respectively) also blocked maximal electroshock-induced seizures, whereas BMY 14802 and haloperidol were ineffective. Finally, caramiphen (ED50 = 95 mg/kg) antagonized seizures and lethality induced by administration of NMDA (250 mg/kg, IP). BMY 14802, haloperidol and ifenprodil only partially antagonized NMDA-induced seizures, but did enhance the anticonvulsant potency of the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, MK-801. Together, these findings suggest that sigma agents may have cerebroprotective effects.

• Authors: M J Pontecorvo, E W Karbon, S Goode, D B Clissold, S A Borosky, R J Patch, J W Ferkany
• Journal: Brain research bulletin (Brain Res Bull) Vol. 26 Issue 3 Pg. 461-5 (Mar 1991) ISSN: 0361-9230 [Print] United States
• PMID: 1646668 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Anticonvulsants
• Piperidines
• Pyrimidines
• Receptors, Opioid
• Receptors, sigma
• alpha-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine butanol
• Nimodipine
• N-Methylaspartate
• Haloperidol
• ifenprodil

Topics

• Animals
• Anticonvulsants
• Brain Diseases (prevention & control)
• Electroshock
• Haloperidol (pharmacology)
• Hypoxia (physiopathology)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred Strains
• N-Methylaspartate (antagonists & inhibitors)
• Nimodipine (pharmacology)
• Piperidines (pharmacology)
• Postural Balance (drug effects)
• Pyrimidines (pharmacology)
• Receptors, Opioid (drug effects)
• Receptors, sigma
• Seizures (chemically induced, physiopathology)