Safety assessment of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as an ingredient added to cigarette tobacco.

Abstract

A tiered testing strategy has been developed to evaluate the potential for new ingredients, tobacco processes, and technological developments to alter the biological activity that results from burning tobacco. A series of studies was initially conducted with cigarettes containing 3% high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as an alternate tobacco casing material to corn syrup/invert sugar, including determination of selected mainstream cigarette smoke (MS) constituent yields, Ames assay, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, a 30-week dermal tumor-promotion evaluation of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in SENCAR mice, and a 13-week subchronic inhalation study of MS in Sprague-Dawley rats. A second series of studies was conducted with cigarettes containing 3%, 4% and 5% HFCS including MS chemistry, Ames assay, SCE assay in CHO cells, and a neutral red cytotoxicity assays. Collectively, mainstream smoke chemistry, genotoxicity, dermal tumor-promotion, and inhalation toxicity studies demonstrated no differences between cigarettes with 3% HFCS and cigarettes with 3% corn syrup/invert sugar. Also, mainstream smoke chemistry and genotoxicity of cigarettes with 4% and 5% HFCS were not different from cigarettes with 3% HFCS. In conclusion, the addition of up to 5% HFCS to cigarette does not alter the mainstream smoke chemistry or biological activity of mainstream smoke or mainstream smoke condensate as compared to cigarettes with 3% corn syrup/invert sugar with regard to the parameters investigated and presented.

• Authors: Mari S Stavanja, Paul H Ayres, Daniel R Meckley, Elizabeth R Bombick, Michael F Borgerding, Michael J Morton, Charles D Garner, Deborah H Pence, James E Swauger
• Journal: Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie (Exp Toxicol Pathol) Vol. 57 Issue 4 Pg. 267-81 (Mar 2006) ISSN: 0940-2993 [Print] Germany
• PMID: 16426827 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Smoke
• Sweetening Agents
• Fructose

Topics

• Administration, Inhalation
• Animals
• CHO Cells
• Carcinogenicity Tests
• Cricetinae
• Cricetulus
• Fructose (toxicity)
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred SENCAR
• Mutagenicity Tests
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Salmonella typhimurium (drug effects, genetics)
• Sister Chromatid Exchange (drug effects)
• Skin Neoplasms (chemically induced, pathology)
• Smoke (analysis)
• Smoking
• Sweetening Agents (toxicity)
• Tobacco (chemistry, drug effects)