Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) protein expression in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract correlates with tumour progression.

Abstract

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR/P504S) is a useful biomarker of prostate cancer. We evaluated the expression of AMACR in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas with respect to associations with tumour stage, grade and metastasis-free survival. A total of 268 tumours were investigated immunohistochemically using a tissue microarray technique. AMACR expression was noted in 127 of 261 (48.7%) evaluated tumours and was associated with high tumour stage [58 of 139 (41.7%) pTa/pT1 vs. 69 of 122 (56.6%) pT2-pT4, P=0.019] and high tumour grade [44 of 137 (32.1%) low vs. 83 of 124 (66.9%) high grade, P<0.001]. In addition, AMACR expression was associated with the presence of tumour necrosis (P<0.001) and marked stromal desmoplasia (P=0.0026). This correlation indicates that increased AMACR expression might be related to hypoxia-induced changes in cancer cell metabolism, such as increased dependence on fatty acid oxidation for energy generation. Progressive disease was observed in 73 of 183 (39.9%) patients with solitary invasive carcinomas and was associated with AMACR expression (P=0.017). Multivariate analysis, however, proved only pT-stage >1 (P<0.001) and high tumour grade (P<0.001) to be independent predictors of patient outcome. In conclusion, AMACR expression correlated with advanced tumour stage and grade and may serve as an additional prognostic indicator in upper urinary tract urothelial cancer.

• Authors: Cord Langner, Gerhild Rupar, Sebastian Leibl, Georg Hutterer, Thomas Chromecki, Gerald Hoefler, Peter Rehak, Richard Zigeuner
• Journal: Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology (Virchows Arch) Vol. 448 Issue 3 Pg. 325-30 (Mar 2006) ISSN: 0945-6317 [Print] Germany
• PMID: 16315020 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Racemases and Epimerases
• alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biomarkers, Tumor (metabolism)
• Carcinoma, Transitional Cell (enzymology, metabolism, pathology)
• Disease-Free Survival
• Female
• Humans
• Kidney Neoplasms (enzymology, mortality, pathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Proportional Hazards Models
• Racemases and Epimerases (metabolism)
• Survival Rate
• Ureteral Neoplasms (enzymology, mortality, pathology)