A 77 year-old man, who had received total
gastrectomy and
splenectomy 11 years ago for
gastric cancer was transferred to our hospital because of severe
macrocytic anemia. He had been treated with
vitamin B1, B2, C and
iron preparations for several weeks. Ten days before admission
numbness developed in his legs. On physical examination he appeared severely anemic. Laboratory findings revealed severe
macrocytic anemia with poikilocytosis, anisocytosis, polychromasia, red cell fragmentation, Howell-Jolly bodies, Cabot rings and marked erythroblastosis (421/100 WBC). Hypersegmented neutrophils and immature granulocytes were also seen in the blood. The bone marrow picture showed marked erythroid
hyperplasia, but erythroblasts revealed only slight megaloblastic changes. On bone marrow
iron staining all erythroblasts were classified as type III sideroblasts and 15% of them were ringed-form. Serum
vitamin B12 was low (44 pg/ml).
Methylcobalamin given intramuscularly led to the rapid improvement of all hematological abnormalities including leukoerythroblastosis. Two weeks after
vitamin B12 administration, ringed sideroblasts could no longer be detected in the bone marrow. Post-
gastrectomy vitamin B12 deficiency anemias combined with erythroblastosis and ringed sideroblasts is a rare condition.
Splenectomy is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of these conditions.