A randomized trial comparing the efficacy of four treatment regimens for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Assam state, India.

Abstract	A four-arm drug sensitivity study compared chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate in Sonitpur and Karbi Anglong districts in Assam state, India. Two criteria were used to ascertain outcome: success of clinical treatment and parasitologic cure. In Sonitpur, at 14 days, there were 36/56 early and late treatment failures plus late parasitologic failures to chloroquine and 16/56 for SP. In Karbi Anglong, combined treatment failure at 14 days was 16/56 to chloroquine and 8/60 to SP. Mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate demonstrated 93.9% and 93.6% sustained responses respectively at 42 days. High failure rates to both chloroquine and SP preclude the use of these drugs as first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in this region. A mefloquine-artesunate combination presents an effective alternative utilizing the currently recommended higher dose of mefloquine.
Authors	P Campbell, S Baruah, K Narain, C C Rogers
Journal	Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg) Vol. 100 Issue 2 Pg. 108-18 (Feb 2006) ISSN: 0035-9203 [Print] England
PMID	16289651 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
Chemical References	Antimalarials Artemisinins Drug Combinations Quinolines Sesquiterpenes fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination Artesunate Sulfadoxine Chloroquine Mefloquine Pyrimethamine
Topics	Adolescent Antimalarials (therapeutic use) Artemisinins (therapeutic use) Artesunate Child Child, Preschool Chloroquine (therapeutic use) Drug Combinations Drug Therapy, Combination Female Humans India Infant Malaria, Falciparum (drug therapy) Male Mefloquine (therapeutic use) Prospective Studies Pyrimethamine (therapeutic use) Quinolines (therapeutic use) Sesquiterpenes (therapeutic use) Sulfadoxine (therapeutic use) Treatment Outcome

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