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Characterisation of CTL and IFN-gamma synthesis in ponies following vaccination with a NYVAC-based construct coding for EHV-1 immediate early gene, followed by challenge infection.

Abstract
Equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is a ubiquitous pathogen of horses, which continues to cause respiratory and neurological disease and abortion, despite the widespread use of vaccines. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) is thought to play a major role in protection against infection with EHV-1. The aim of this study was to characterise the virus-specific CMI response in ponies vaccinated with vP1014, a vaccinia-based construct (NYVAC) coding for the immediate early gene (gene 64) of EHV-1. This gene product is a CTL target protein for an equine MHC class I allele expressed on the A3 haplotype. EHV-primed yearling ponies expressing this haplotype were vaccinated once (n = 1), three (n = 1), or four times (n = 2), and one pony was kept as an unvaccinated control. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) synthesis were measured before and after vaccination and challenge infection with EHV-1. Multiple immunisations with vP1014 resulted in increased CTL activity and IFN-gamma synthesis specific for EHV-1 compared with unvaccinated or singly vaccinated ponies. The phenotype of EHV-1 specific T-cells synthesising IFN-gamma was also modified by immunisation. In the unvaccinated pony, the predominant population synthesising IFN-gamma after EHV-1 stimulation was CD8alpha+. In contrast, multiply vaccinated ponies demonstrated an increased proportion of CD8alpha- T-cells synthesising IFN-gamma. The results demonstrated that vaccination with a NYVAC-based construct coding for gene 64 stimulated CMI. This immune response alone did not protect against challenge infection. However, the study does illustrate that vaccinia-based vaccines can stimulate CMI in the horse and may therefore contribute to protection against disease caused by EHV-1.
AuthorsR Paillot, S A Ellis, J M Daly, J C Audonnet, J M Minke, N Davis-Poynter, D Hannant, J H Kydd
JournalVaccine (Vaccine) Vol. 24 Issue 10 Pg. 1490-500 (Mar 06 2006) ISSN: 0264-410X [Print] Netherlands
PMID16269205 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Herpesvirus Vaccines
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • Interferon-gamma
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Viral (biosynthesis)
  • Female
  • Genes, Immediate-Early
  • Herpesviridae Infections (prevention & control, veterinary)
  • Herpesvirus 1, Equid (immunology)
  • Herpesvirus Vaccines (immunology)
  • Horse Diseases (prevention & control)
  • Horses
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Interferon-gamma (biosynthesis)
  • Male
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic (immunology)
  • Vaccination
  • Vaccines, DNA (immunology)

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