Abstract |
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is caused by the dimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Immunostimulatory effects of P. brasiliensis DNA and CpG- oligodeoxyribonucleotides ( CpG-ODN) have shown a Th2-Th1 immunomodulation of the isogenic murine model of susceptibility, which develops a progressive and disseminating disease. In this study, we investigated the optimum time interval and doses of CpG-ODN which are able to induce Th2-Th1 immunomodulation. The optimum concentrations for the induction of a decrease in antibody production were 0.5 and 1 microg. Mice immunized twice with CpG-ODN and gp43 (5 and 7 days before the challenge) showed a 60% higher chance of survival compared with the control group (nonimmunized), and an increase in Th1 isotype ( IgG2a) was also observed. In vitro assays of naive and preimmunized mice showed discrete cellular proliferation when stimulated by suitable concentrations of CpG-ODN. Type 1 cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma were increased in cell culture supernatants, but no significant difference was found in Th2 IL-4 cytokines in stimulated or nonstimulated cell cultures. Concerning the Th2-Th1 kinetics in experimental PCM models by adjuvant effect of CpG-ODN, there are still many questions to be answered and clarified. However, the gathering of data obtained in this investigation has led us to suggest that the modulation of Th2-Th1 in experimental PCM depends on time and CpG-ODN concentration.
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Authors | C C Amaral, I P Garcia, G F Fernandes, S R Almeida, Z P Camargo, M C Souza |
Journal | Scandinavian journal of immunology
(Scand J Immunol)
Vol. 62
Issue 4
Pg. 325-33
(Oct 2005)
ISSN: 0300-9475 [Print] England |
PMID | 16253119
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- 43 kDa protein, Paracoccidioides
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Antibodies, Fungal
- Antigens, Fungal
- CPG-oligonucleotide
- Cytokines
- Fungal Proteins
- Glycoproteins
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
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Topics |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
(pharmacology)
- Animals
- Antibodies, Fungal
(biosynthesis, blood)
- Antigens, Fungal
(genetics)
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytokines
(metabolism)
- Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic
- Fungal Proteins
(chemical synthesis, genetics)
- Genes, Fungal
(immunology)
- Glycoproteins
(chemical synthesis, genetics)
- Lymph Nodes
(cytology, immunology, metabolism)
- Mice
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
(chemical synthesis, pharmacology)
- Paracoccidioides
(genetics, growth & development, immunology)
- Paracoccidioidomycosis
(immunology, pathology, therapy)
- Spleen
(microbiology, pathology)
- Th1 Cells
(drug effects, immunology)
- Th2 Cells
(drug effects, immunology)
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