Distinct chemokine triggers and in vivo migratory paths of fluorescein dye-labeled T Lymphocytes in acutely simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251-infected and uninfected macaques.

Abstract	To define the possible impact of T-lymphocyte trafficking parameters on simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) pathogenesis, we examined migratory profiles of carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled T lymphocytes in acutely SIVmac251-infected and uninfected macaques within 48 h after autologous transfer. Despite significant upregulation of homeostatic chemokine CCL19/macrophage inflammatory protein 3beta and proinflammatory chemokine CXCL9/monokine induced by gamma interferon in secondary lymphoid tissue in SIV infection, no differences in CFSE+ T-lymphocyte frequencies or cell compartmentalization in lymph nodes were identified between animal groups. By contrast, a higher frequency of CFSE+ T lymphocytes in the small intestine was detected in acute SIV infection. This result correlated with increased numbers of gut CD4 T lymphocytes expressing chemokine receptors CCR9, CCR7, and CXCR3 and high levels of their respective chemokine ligands in the small intestine. The changes in trafficking parameters in SIV-infected macaques occurred concomitantly with acute gut CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion. Here, we present the first in vivo T-lymphocyte trafficking study in SIV infection and a novel approach to delineate T-lymphocyte recruitment into tissues in the nonhuman primate animal model for AIDS. Such studies are likely to provide unique insights into T-lymphocyte sequestration in distinct tissue compartments and possible mechanisms of CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion and immune dysfunction in simian AIDS.
Authors	Candice C Clay, Denise S Rodrigues, Danielle J Harvey, Christian M Leutenegger, Ursula Esser
Journal	Journal of virology (J Virol) Vol. 79 Issue 21 Pg. 13759-68 (Nov 2005) ISSN: 0022-538X [Print] United States
PMID	16227295 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References	5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester CC chemokine receptor 9 CCL19 protein, human CCR7 protein, human CXCL9 protein, human CXCR3 protein, human Chemokine CCL19 Chemokine CXCL9 Chemokines, CC Chemokines, CXC Fluoresceins Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Receptors, CCR Receptors, CCR7 Receptors, CXCR3 Receptors, Chemokine Succinimides
Topics	Animals CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes (immunology) Cell Movement Chemokine CCL19 Chemokine CXCL9 Chemokines, CC (biosynthesis) Chemokines, CXC (metabolism) Flow Cytometry Fluoresceins Immunity, Cellular Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins (metabolism) Intestinal Mucosa (immunology) Lymph Nodes (immunology) Lymphocyte Count Macaca Male Receptors, CCR Receptors, CCR7 Receptors, CXCR3 Receptors, Chemokine Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (immunology) Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Succinimides T-Lymphocytes (immunology)

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