Abstract | BACKGROUND:
Allergen-induced T-helper type 2 (Th2) responses can be inhibited with Th1 directing vaccines. However, studies comparing the efficacy of the different adjuvants have not been performed in detail. OBJECTIVE: For this reason we compare the effects of live Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin(BCG), heat-killed (hk)-BCG, CpG-ODN ( oligodeoxynucleotide) or PPD on the development of allergen-induced Th2 responses in mice. METHODS:
Ovalbumin (OVA)-specific allergic responses were induced in C57BL/6 mice by two intraperitoneally (i.p.) applications of OVA/alum followed by the intranasal challenge with OVA. The different Th1-inducing adjuvants were applied to the mice together with OVA/alum i.p. during the OVA-sensitization period and, subsequently, different parameters of allergic immune responses were evaluated. RESULTS: All the adjuvants were effective in inhibiting the development of allergen-induced airway eosinophilia, mucous production and, with the exception of PPD, also airway hyper-reactivity, when they were applied together with OVA/alum. However, allergen-specific IgG1 and IgE serum levels were only reduced in live BCG- and PPD-treated mice. Suppression of airway eosinophilia was not observed in IFN-gamma- or IL-12-deficient mice (hk-BCG, CpG-ODN and PPD). Interestingly, live BCG was still able to suppress allergen-induced Th2 responses in the absence of either IFN-gamma or IL-12. When mice vaccinated with the different adjuvants together with OVA/alum were subjected to a second period of OVA/alum immunization, only live and hk-BCG were able to efficiently suppress the development of airway inflammation. This effect could be adoptively transferred by splenic CD4(+) T cells. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together our data suggest that live BCG>hk-BCG> CpG-ODN > PPD are effective in suppressing allergen-induced Th2 responses. The degree of suppression and the component of the Th2 response affected (airway inflammation vs. the production of allergen-specific IgE and IgG1) were dependent upon the adjuvant used and how it was applied. Our results contribute to the design of novel vaccines protecting humans from developing allergic disorders.
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Authors | C M Trujillo-Vargas, K D Mayer, T Bickert, A Palmetshofer, S Grunewald, J R Ramirez-Pineda, T Polte, G Hansen, G Wohlleben, K J Erb |
Journal | Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
(Clin Exp Allergy)
Vol. 35
Issue 8
Pg. 1003-13
(Aug 2005)
ISSN: 0954-7894 [Print] England |
PMID | 16120081
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Allergens
- BCG Vaccine
- CPG-oligonucleotide
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
- Tuberculin
- Interleukin-12
- Immunoglobulin E
- Interferon-gamma
- Ovalbumin
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Topics |
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Adoptive Transfer
(methods)
- Allergens
(immunology)
- Animals
- BCG Vaccine
(immunology)
- Cells, Cultured
- Eosinophils
(immunology)
- Female
- Immune Tolerance
(immunology)
- Immunoglobulin E
(immunology)
- Interferon-gamma
(immunology)
- Interleukin-12
(immunology)
- Macrophages
(immunology)
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neutrophils
(immunology)
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
(immunology)
- Ovalbumin
(immunology)
- Respiratory System
(immunology)
- Th1 Cells
(immunology)
- Th2 Cells
(immunology)
- Tuberculin
(immunology)
- Vaccination
(methods)
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