Levels of prostaglandin E metabolite, the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E2, are increased in smokers.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Increased levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) have been observed in tobacco-related malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract. Moreover, exposure to tobacco smoke can stimulate the synthesis of PGE2. Recent evidence suggests that urinary PGE metabolite (PGE-M) can be used as an index of systemic PGE2 production. In this study, we investigated whether levels of urinary PGE-M were increased in smokers and in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN:

Fifty-eight HNSCC cases and 29 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled in the study. A detailed smoking history and single void urine specimen were obtained from each participant. Levels of urinary PGE-M were quantified in a blinded fashion using mass spectrometry and compared with smoking history and tumor status.

RESULTS:

Adjusted for case-control matching, median urinary PGE-M levels were significantly higher in ever smokers (15.7 ng/mg creatinine) compared with never smokers (9.9 ng/mg creatinine) for the entire study population (n = 87, P = 0.005). Concentrations of urinary PGE-M were nearly doubled in ever smokers (15.2 ng/mg creatinine) versus never smokers (7.8 ng/mg creatinine) among healthy controls (P = 0.001). Higher PGE-M levels were observed in current versus former smokers and in those with greater pack-year exposure. A significant difference in amounts of PGE-M was not observed in patients with HNSCC versus healthy controls.

CONCLUSIONS:

Increased levels of urinary PGE-M were observed in smokers. Urinary PGE-M may have use as a noninvasive biomarker of the effects of tobacco smoke exposure.

• Authors: Neil D Gross, Jay O Boyle, Jason D Morrow, Myles K Williams, Chaya S Moskowitz, Kotha Subbaramaiah, Andrew J Dannenberg, Anna J Duffield-Lillico
• Journal: Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (Clin Cancer Res) Vol. 11 Issue 16 Pg. 6087-93 (Aug 15 2005) ISSN: 1078-0432 [Print] United States
• PMID: 16115954 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Prostaglandins
• Prostaglandins E
• 7-hydroxy-5,11-dioxotetranorprostane-1,16-dioic acid
• Dinoprostone

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Biomarkers, Tumor (urine)
• Carcinoma, Squamous Cell (pathology, urine)
• Case-Control Studies
• Dinoprostone (metabolism, urine)
• Female
• Head and Neck Neoplasms (pathology, urine)
• Humans
• Logistic Models
• Male
• Mass Spectrometry (methods)
• Middle Aged
• Prostaglandins (urine)
• Prostaglandins E (metabolism, urine)
• Smoking