Comparative analysis of mutagenic potency of 1-nitro-acridine derivatives.

Abstract

The anticancer effect of 1-nitro-9-hydroxyethylamino acridine (C-857), a compound belonging to the 1-nitroacridine class, has been well documented. Despite its therapeutic efficacy, the clinical development of C-857 has been impeded partly due to its high systemic toxicity. In an effort to enhance antitumor efficacy and lower toxicity, derivatives of C-857 have been synthesized with substitutions made at position C-4 and/or an esterified hydroxyl group in side chain at the C-9 position. The introduction of a methyl group at C-4 resulted in C-1748, which has a significantly higher therapeutic efficacy and is being clinically developed as an anticancer agent for solid tumors. The present study was undertaken to correlate the mutagenicity of C-857, C-1748, C-1790, C-1872 and C-1873 with their cytotoxicity and their anti-tumor efficacy. The mutagenicity of these drugs was determined using three Ames Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1537, TA98 and TA102. The bacteria were treated with different molar concentrations, ranging from 10(-3) to 10(-12) M, of the drugs and drug-induced histidine revertants were then counted after a 48 h incubation. C-1748 did not induce any revertants in both TA1537 and TA98 at a dose of 10(-6) M, whereas, C-857 at the same dose induced approximately 842 and approximately 1034 revertants respectively. In TA102, mutagenicity was lower than observed with TA98 and TA1537 with highest revertants observed at 10(-5) M with C-857 (approximately 606) and C-1748 (approximately 108). Higher mutagenicity was observed in the derivatives C-1790, C-1872 and C-1873 compared to C-1748, but lower than C-857. These studies demonstrate that C-1748 has the least mutagenic potential, with a much higher antitumor effect in prostate cancer and is a promising chemotherapeutic agent for clinical development.

• Authors: Ramkishen Narayanan, Priyanka Tiwari, Denisse Inoa, Badithe T Ashok
• Journal: Life sciences (Life Sci) Vol. 77 Issue 18 Pg. 2312-23 (Sep 16 2005) ISSN: 0024-3205 [Print] Netherlands
• PMID: 15950245 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• 1-nitro-9-(2'-hydroxyethylamino)acridine hydrochloride
• Aminoacridines
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Tetrazolium Salts
• 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-((phenylamino)carbonyl)-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide
• Histidine

Topics

• Aminoacridines (chemistry, toxicity)
• Antineoplastic Agents (chemistry, toxicity)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cell Survival (drug effects)
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Histidine (genetics)
• Humans
• Inhibitory Concentration 50
• Mutagenicity Tests
• Salmonella typhimurium
• Tetrazolium Salts