[Hypothesis on the role of nutritional factors in ocular hypertension and glaucoma].

Abstract

Recent notions in connection with oxidative stress and the fat balance of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) families have brought new insight to a probable role of nutritional factors in glaucoma and intraocular hypertony. The modifications of the extracellular matrix of the trabecula could be influenced by oxidative stress. On the one hand, collagen apoptosis and remodeling (associated with an increase in intraocular pressure) are mainly influenced by hydrosoluble antioxidants such as glutathione. On the other hand, elastin apoptosis and remodeling (correlated with the occurrence of optic atrophy) are particularly influenced by liposoluble antioxidants such as vitamin E. In addition, the dietary ratio of omega3/omega6PUFA intake could influence the balance of intraocular pressure. Omega-3 PUFA could influence cyclooxygenase competition. A diet with increased omega-3 and decreased omega-6 could thus favor an increase in intraocular pressure reducing synthesis of PG-F2, leading to a decrease in uveoscleral outflow. The true importance of these factors has not yet been solidly determined and studies are in progress to clarify the real implication of these nutritional factors.

• Authors: T Desmettre, J-F Rouland
• Journal: Journal francais d'ophtalmologie (J Fr Ophtalmol) Vol. 28 Issue 3 Pg. 312-6 (Mar 2005) ISSN: 0181-5512 [Print] France
• Vernacular Title: Hypothèses sur le rôle des facteurs nutritionnels au cours des hypertonies oculaires et du glaucome.
• PMID: 15883498 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, English Abstract, Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Antioxidants
• Dietary Fats
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6
• Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
• Heat-Shock Proteins
• Vitamin E
• Glutathione

Topics

• Animals
• Antioxidants (physiology, therapeutic use)
• Apoptosis
• Diet
• Dietary Fats (administration & dosage)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fatty Acids, Omega-6 (administration & dosage)
• Fatty Acids, Unsaturated (administration & dosage)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Glaucoma (etiology, metabolism)
• Glaucoma, Open-Angle (etiology, metabolism)
• Glutathione (physiology)
• Heat-Shock Proteins (physiology)
• Humans
• Intraocular Pressure
• Male
• Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
• Ocular Hypertension (etiology, metabolism)
• Optic Atrophy (etiology, metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress
• Primates
• Prospective Studies
• Rats
• Risk Factors
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Time Factors
• Trabecular Meshwork (metabolism)
• Vitamin E (administration & dosage)