Antimicrobial susceptibilities of potential bacterial pathogens in adults with acute respiratory tract infections Prospective Epidemiological Network Investigating Community-acquired Infection SurveiLLance In Nagasaki (PENICILLIN) Study.

Abstract	The prevalence and the antimicrobial susceptibilities of bacterial pathogens in acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTIs) is not clear. We conducted a prospective community-based multicenter study in 45 centers across Nagasaki, Japan, between December 2001 and April 2002. We examined the nasopharyngeal or throat isolates in 930 adult outpatients with AURTIs. Potential bacterial pathogens, including Streptococcus pyogenes (from 6.8% patients), S. pneumoniae (5.3%), S. milleri group (2.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (26.0%), Moraxella catarrhalis (7.4%), Haemophilus influenzae (17.6%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.2%), were isolated from 51.8% of the patients. Penicillin nonsusceptible phenotype accounted for 44.9% of S. pneumoniae isolates. Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 9.1% were methicillin-resistant. In H. influenzae isolates, 6.7% produced beta-lactamase and 23.2% were beta-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant. The results indicated that the potential bacterial pathogens were detected in the remarkable population of the adults with AURTIs and the current antimicrobial susceptibilities of such pathogens.
Authors	Yoichi Hirakata, Katsunori Yanagihara, Yoshitsugu Miyazaki, Kazunori Tomono, Intetsu Kobayashi, Shigeru Kohno, PENICILLIN Study Group
Journal	Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease (Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis) Vol. 51 Issue 4 Pg. 271-80 (Apr 2005) ISSN: 0732-8893 [Print] United States
PMID	15808319 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
Chemical References	Anti-Bacterial Agents Penicillins
Topics	Acute Disease Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology) Community-Acquired Infections (epidemiology, microbiology) Female Gram-Negative Bacteria (drug effects) Gram-Positive Cocci (drug effects) Humans Japan (epidemiology) Male Microbial Sensitivity Tests Middle Aged Penicillin Resistance Penicillins (pharmacology) Population Surveillance Prevalence Prospective Studies Respiratory Tract Infections (epidemiology, microbiology)

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