Pegylated interferon alfa-2b vs standard interferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin, for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract

CONTEXT:

Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is a growing concern. Most data on the virologic efficacy and safety of the combination of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in coinfected patients come from uncontrolled studies.

OBJECTIVE:

To study the safety and efficacy of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin vs standard interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in HIV-HCV coinfected patients.

DESIGN AND SETTINGS:

A multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, open-label trial. Patients were enrolled from February 2000 to February 2002 and followed up for 72 weeks.

PATIENTS:

Four hundred twelve HIV-HCV coinfected patients with detectable serum HCV-RNA, abnormal liver histology, a CD4 cell count of at least 200 x 10(6)/L, and stable plasma HIV-RNA.

INTERVENTION:

Treatment with ribavirin 400 mg twice a day, orally, plus either peginterferon alfa-2b (1.5 microg/kg subcutaneous injection once a week) or standard interferon alfa-2b (3 million units of subcutaneous injection 3 times a week) for 48 weeks.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Sustained virologic response, defined by undetectable serum HCV-RNA at week 72.

RESULTS:

More patients had sustained virologic responses in the peginterferon group than in the standard interferon group (27% vs 20%, P = .047). This difference between the treatments was found in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection (17% for peginterferon vs 6% for standard interferon, P = .006) but was not found in patients with HCV genotype 2, 3, or 5 (44% for peginterferon vs 43% for standard interferon, P = .88). Together, a decline in HCV-RNA of less than 2 log10 from baseline and detectable serum HCV-RNA at week 12 predicted 99% of treatment failures. Histologic activity diminished and fibrosis stabilized in virologic responders. The 2 regimens showed similar tolerability although dose modifications for clinical and biological events were more frequent with peginterferon. Eleven cases of pancreatitis or symptomatic hyperlactatemia were observed, all in patients receiving didanosine-containing antiretroviral regimens.

CONCLUSION:

In combination with ribavirin, treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b is more effective than standard interferon alfa-2b for HCV infection in HIV-infected patients.

• Authors: Fabrice Carrat, Firouzé Bani-Sadr, Stanislas Pol, Eric Rosenthal, Françoise Lunel-Fabiani, Asmae Benzekri, Patrice Morand, Cécile Goujard, Gilles Pialoux, Lionel Piroth, Dominique Salmon-Céron, Claude Degott, Patrice Cacoub, Christian Perronne, ANRS HCO2 RIBAVIC Study Team
• Journal: JAMA (JAMA) Vol. 292 Issue 23 Pg. 2839-48 (Dec 15 2004) ISSN: 1538-3598 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 15598915 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Clinical Trial, Phase III, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Drug Carriers
• Interferon alpha-2
• Interferon-alpha
• Recombinant Proteins
• Polyethylene Glycols
• Ribavirin
• peginterferon alfa-2b

Topics

• Adult
• Antiviral Agents (therapeutic use)
• Drug Carriers
• Drug Therapy, Combination
• Female
• HIV Infections (blood, complications)
• Hepacivirus (genetics)
• Hepatitis C, Chronic (blood, complications, drug therapy)
• Humans
• Interferon alpha-2
• Interferon-alpha (therapeutic use)
• Male
• Polyethylene Glycols
• Prospective Studies
• Recombinant Proteins
• Ribavirin (therapeutic use)
• Viral Load