We previously demonstrated that transgenic mice overexpressing mouse
apolipoprotein A-II (
apoA-II) exhibit several traits associated with the
insulin resistance (IR) syndrome, including increased
atherosclerosis,
hypertriglyceridemia,
obesity, and IR. The skeletal muscle appeared to be the
insulin-resistant tissue in the
apoA-II transgenic mice. We now demonstrate a decrease in FA oxidation in skeletal muscle of
apoA-II transgenic mice, consistent with reports that decreased skeletal muscle FA oxidation is associated with increased skeletal muscle
triglyceride accumulation, skeletal muscle IR, and
obesity. The decrease in FA oxidation is not due to decreased
carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 activity, because oxidation of
palmitate and
octanoate were similarly decreased. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of gene expression demonstrated that the decrease in FA oxidation may be explained by a decrease in
medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. We previously demonstrated that HDLs from
apoA-II transgenic mice exhibit reduced binding to CD36, a
scavenger receptor involved in FA metabolism. However, studies of combined
apoA-II transgenic and CD36 knockout mice suggest that the major effects of
apoA-II are independent of CD36.
Rosiglitazone treatment significantly ameliorated IR in the
apoA-II transgenic mice, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms of IR in this animal model may share common features with certain types of human IR.