Linkage between catecholate siderophores and the multicopper oxidase CueO in Escherichia coli.

Abstract	The multicopper oxidase CueO had previously been demonstrated to exhibit phenoloxidase activity and was implicated in intrinsic copper resistance in Escherichia coli. Catecholates can potentially reduce Cu(II) to the prooxidant Cu(I). In this report we provide evidence that CueO protects E. coli cells by oxidizing enterobactin, the catechol iron siderophore of E. coli, in the presence of copper. In vitro, a mixture of enterobactin and copper was toxic for E. coli cells, but the addition of purified CueO led to their survival. Deletion of fur resulted in copper hypersensitivity that was alleviated by additional deletion of entC, preventing synthesis of enterobactin. In addition, copper added together with 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid or enterobactin was able to induce a Phi(cueO-lacZ) operon fusion more efficiently than copper alone. The reaction product of the 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid oxidation by CueO that can complex Cu(II) ions was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and identified as 2-carboxymuconate.
Authors	Gregor Grass, Keshari Thakali, Phillip E Klebba, Daniel Thieme, Axel Müller, Günter F Wildner, Christopher Rensing
Journal	Journal of bacteriology (J Bacteriol) Vol. 186 Issue 17 Pg. 5826-33 (Sep 2004) ISSN: 0021-9193 [Print] United States
PMID	15317788 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
Chemical References	Anti-Bacterial Agents Bacterial Proteins Escherichia coli Proteins Hydroxybenzoates Repressor Proteins Siderophores ferric uptake regulating proteins, bacterial Enterobactin 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid Copper Oxidoreductases cueO protein, E coli beta-Galactosidase
Topics	Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacology) Artificial Gene Fusion Bacterial Proteins (genetics, physiology) Copper (pharmacology) Drug Resistance, Bacterial (physiology) Enterobactin (metabolism, pharmacology) Escherichia coli (enzymology, metabolism) Escherichia coli Proteins (metabolism) Gene Deletion Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial Genes, Bacterial (genetics, physiology) Genes, Reporter Hydroxybenzoates (metabolism) Oxidation-Reduction Oxidoreductases (metabolism) Repressor Proteins (genetics, physiology) Siderophores (metabolism) beta-Galactosidase (genetics, metabolism)

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