The carcinogenic effectiveness in rats of three cyclic
nitrosamines administered at two doses separated by
a factor of five has been studied. All three compounds showed a response at the lower dose quite different from that at the higher dose. One, 2,6-dimethyl-dinitrosopiperazine, was only a little less effective at the lower dose than at the higher dose, giving 100% nasal turbinate
tumors, but only 33% esophageal
tumors, compared with 100% esophageal
tumors at the higher dose.
3,4-Dichloronitrosopiperidine gave 100% incidence of esophageal
tumors at the higher dose. At the lower dose, survival of the rats was very much better, some living 80 weeks, and, in addition to the esophagus, there were
tumors of several organs including forestomach, tongue, and nasal turbinates. On the other hand, 2,6-dimethylnitrosomorpholine was a very much weaker
carcinogen at the lower than at the higher dose, only six animals dying with
tumors, compared with 100% incidence at the higher dose. However, the pattern of mortality of rats given the lower dose of
dimethylnitrosomorpholine was similar to that of rats given the lower dose of dichloronitrosopiperidine.