Onset and duration of protective immunity in challenged volunteers after vaccination with live oral cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR.

Abstract

CVD 103-HgR is a live oral cholera vaccine that, in phase I and II studies to date, has been well tolerated and immunogenic. In challenge studies of US volunteers conducted 4-5 weeks after vaccination, CVD 103-HgR provided significant protection against experimental cholera due to classical and El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1. To determine the onset and duration of protection, two volunteer challenge studies were conducted: the first, 6 months after vaccination and the second, 8 days after vaccination. In both studies, CVD 103-HgR was 100% protective against diarrhea and significantly reduced the rate of shedding of vibrios after challenge with V. cholerae classical Inaba strain 569B, the virulent parent strain of CVD 103-HgR. Previously vaccinated subjects were less likely than naive controls to develop rises in titer of vibriocidal antibodies after challenge (P = .002), and the mean peak titer of vibriocidal antibodies was less than among controls. CVD 103-HgR can provide homologous protective immunity as soon as 8 days after vaccination and protection can persist for at least 6 months.

• Authors: C O Tacket, G Losonsky, J P Nataro, S J Cryz, R Edelman, J B Kaper, M M Levine
• Journal: The Journal of infectious diseases (J Infect Dis) Vol. 166 Issue 4 Pg. 837-41 (Oct 1992) ISSN: 0022-1899 [Print] United States
• PMID: 1527420 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Controlled Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Cholera Vaccines

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Adult
• Antibody Formation
• Cholera (immunology, prevention & control)
• Cholera Vaccines (administration & dosage, immunology)
• Humans
• Vaccination
• Vibrio cholerae (drug effects)