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New nonlipid effects of statins and their clinical relevance in cardiovascular disease.

Abstract
Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, statins, have been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with a wide range of cholesterol levels. Numerous cholesterol-independent effects of statins that may limit atherosclerosis are probably related to inhibition of the geranylgeranylation of GTP-binding intracellular signaling proteins and involve: improved vasoreactivity, mostly through increased NO bioavailability; decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha), C-reactive protein, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and tissue factor with the subsequent inhibition of thrombin generation; reduced platelet activity; increased thrombomodulin expression; enhanced fibrinolysis, regulation of angiogenesis and immunomodulation. However, the clinical relevance of multiple protective effects induced by statins has not been clarified yet.
AuthorsAnetta Undas, Magdalena Celińska-Löwenhoff, Marcin Kaczor, Jacek Musial
JournalThrombosis and haemostasis (Thromb Haemost) Vol. 91 Issue 6 Pg. 1065-77 (Jun 2004) ISSN: 0340-6245 [Print] Germany
PMID15175791 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Cardiotonic Agents
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Topics
  • Cardiotonic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Cardiovascular Diseases (drug therapy, pathology)
  • Endothelium, Vascular (drug effects, pathology)
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular (drug effects, pathology)

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