Prevention of intravascular catheter-related infection with newer chlorhexidine-silver sulfadiazine-coated catheters: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

The indication of antiseptic-coated catheters remains debated.

OBJECTIVE:

To test the ability of the new generation of chlorhexidine-silver and sulfadiazine-coated catheters, with enhanced antiseptic coating, to reduce the risk of central venous catheter (CVC)-related infection in ICU patients.

DESIGN:

Multicentre randomized double-blind trial.

PATIENTS AND SETTING:

A total of 397 patients from 14 ICUs of university hospitals in France.

INTERVENTION:

Patients were randomized to receive an antiseptic-coated catheter (ACC) or a standard non-coated catheter (NCC).

MEASUREMENTS:

Incidence of CVC-related infection.

RESULTS:

Of 367 patients having a successful catheter insertion, 363 were analysed (175 NCC and 188 ACC). Patients had one (NCC=162, ACC=180) or more (NCC=13, ACC=11) CVC inserted. The two groups were similar for insertion site [subclavian (64 vs 69)] or jugular (36 vs 31%)], and type of catheters (single-lumen 18 vs 18%; double-lumen 82 vs 82%), and mean (median) duration of catheterisation [12.0+/-11.7 (9) vs 10.5+/-8.8 (8) days in the NCC and ACC groups, respectively]. Significant colonisation of the catheter occurred in 23 (13.1%) and 7 (3.7%) patients, respectively, in the NCC and ACC groups (11 vs 3.6 per 1000 catheter-days; p=0.01); CVC-related infection (bloodstream infection) occurred in 10 (5) and 4 (3) patients in the NCC and CC groups, respectively (5.2 vs 2 per 1000 catheter days; p=0.10).

CONCLUSIONS:

In the context of a low baseline infection rate, ACC were associated with a significant reduction of catheter colonisation and a trend to reduction of infection episodes, but not of bloodstream infection.

• Authors: Christian Brun-Buisson, Françoise Doyon, Jean-Pierre Sollet, Jean-François Cochard, Yves Cohen, Gérard Nitenberg
• Journal: Intensive care medicine (Intensive Care Med) Vol. 30 Issue 5 Pg. 837-43 (May 2004) ISSN: 0342-4642 [Print] United States
• PMID: 15060765 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Anti-Infective Agents, Local
• Chlorhexidine
• Silver Sulfadiazine

Topics

• Anti-Infective Agents, Local (therapeutic use)
• Bacteremia (etiology, prevention & control)
• Catheterization, Central Venous (adverse effects)
• Chlorhexidine (therapeutic use)
• Double-Blind Method
• Equipment Contamination (prevention & control)
• France
• Humans
• Intensive Care Units
• Middle Aged
• Severity of Illness Index
• Silver Sulfadiazine (therapeutic use)