Abstract |
The marine sponge constituent aaptamine (1) has been converted to the cancer cell growth inhibitor and antibiotic designated hystatin 2 (8a). Herein, we also report results of an initial SAR evaluation of new benzyl derivatives of aaptamine (1). Single benzylation was found to occur at nitrogen N-4 and led to the formation of the 4-benzylaaptamine derivatives 7a-c, whereas double benzylation gave the quaternary 1H-benzo[de][1,6]-naphthyridinium salts 8a-c. The anticancer and antimicrobial properties of these aaptamine derivatives are described. The quaternary ammonium salts 8a ( hystatin 2) and 8b exhibited significant inhibitory activity against the murine P388 lymphocytic leukemia and a minipanel of human cancer cell lines. Salts 8a and 8b also had broad spectrum antimicrobial activities and were most potent against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Micrococcus luteus. Naphthyridinium chloride 8a was selected for further development, and results of an initial cell cycle analysis and a cDNA microarray study showed effects consistent with inhibition of the S-phase of cell growth.
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Authors | George R Pettit, Holger Hoffmann, Delbert L Herald, Peter M Blumberg, Ernest Hamel, Jean M Schmidt, Yung Chang, Robin K Pettit, Nancy E Lewin, Larry V Pearce |
Journal | Journal of medicinal chemistry
(J Med Chem)
Vol. 47
Issue 7
Pg. 1775-82
(Mar 25 2004)
ISSN: 0022-2623 [Print] United States |
PMID | 15027869
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)
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Chemical References |
- 1,4-bis(benzyl)-8,9-dimethoxy-4H-benzo(de)(1,6)naphthyridin-1-ium
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Naphthyridines
- aaptamine
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Topics |
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents
(chemical synthesis, chemistry, pharmacology)
- Antineoplastic Agents
(chemical synthesis, chemistry, pharmacology)
- Cell Division
(drug effects)
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Humans
- Mice
- Microbial Sensitivity Tests
- Molecular Structure
- Naphthyridines
(chemical synthesis, chemistry, pharmacology)
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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