Advanced glycation end products (AGE), nonenzymatically glycated
protein derivatives, have been implicated in the development and progression of
diabetic angiopathies, including skin dermopathy. Nevertheless, the involvement of AGE in the development and progression of
melanoma has not been fully elucidated. In this study we investigated the expression levels of their receptor for AGE (RAGE) in human
melanoma and subsequently studied the effects of AGE on
melanoma growth and migration. First, RAGE was detected in the cytoplasm of human
melanoma cells (G361 and A375). Among the different types of AGE,
glyceraldehyde- and
glycolaldehyde-derived AGE significantly stimulated the growth and migration of human
melanoma cells. Furthermore,
tumor formation of
melanoma cell xenografts in athymic mice was prevented by treatment with anti-RAGE
neutralizing antibodies. In
tumor-bearing mice, survival rates were prolonged, and spontaneous pulmonary
metastases were inhibited by treatment using anti-RAGE
neutralizing antibodies. In addition, all AGE were present in beds of human
melanoma tumor, whereas they were barely detected in normal skin. These results suggest that AGE might be involved in the growth and invasion of
melanoma through interactions with RAGE and represent promising candidates for assessing the future therapeutic potential of this
therapy in treating patients with
melanoma.