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Putranjivain A from Euphorbia jolkini inhibits both virus entry and late stage replication of herpes simplex virus type 2 in vitro.

AbstractAIMS:
To investigate the in vitro antiviral properties of putranjivain A, isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia jolkini Bioss (Euphorbiaceae).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 strain 196-infected Vero cells were used. It was shown that putranjivain A exhibited antiviral activity with an IC50 of 7.9 +/- 1.2 micro M using the XTT assay, with the IC50 value increasing with increasing multiplicity of infection. Using the plaque reduction assay, the IC50 and IC90 were 6.3 +/- 0.8 and 14.5 +/- 3.1 micro M, respectively. Putranjivain A showed no cytotoxic effect on cell multiplication at concentrations that achieved antiviral activity. The 50% cell cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was 80.3 +/- 14.7 microM, and the selectivity index (SI) (ratio of CC50 to IC50) for the XTT and plaque reduction assays was 10.2 and 12.7, respectively. When tested for virucidal activity, putranjivain A significantly reduced viral infectivity at concentrations of 75 and 100 micro M, but not at 50 microM or below. The results of the time-of-addition studies suggested that putranjivain A affected the late stage of HSV-2 replication at 25 microM. Interestingly, putranjivain A also showed inhibition of viral attachment and cell penetration. The combination of putranjivain A and aciclovir produced no interaction.
CONCLUSIONS:
Putranjivain A possesses antiviral activity, inhibiting viral attachment and penetration, and also interfering with the late stage of viral replication.
AuthorsHua-Yew Cheng, Ta-Chen Lin, Chien-Min Yang, Kuo-Chih Wang, Liang-Tzung Lin, Chun-Ching Lin
JournalThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy (J Antimicrob Chemother) Vol. 53 Issue 4 Pg. 577-83 (Apr 2004) ISSN: 0305-7453 [Print] England
PMID14998984 (Publication Type: Journal Article)
Chemical References
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Glucosides
  • Plant Extracts
  • putranjivain A
  • Gallic Acid
Topics
  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
  • Chlorocebus aethiops
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Euphorbia
  • Gallic Acid (analogs & derivatives, isolation & purification, pharmacology)
  • Glucosides (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
  • Herpesvirus 2, Human (drug effects, physiology)
  • Plant Extracts (isolation & purification, pharmacology)
  • Plant Structures
  • Vero Cells
  • Virus Replication (drug effects)

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