To determine whether
aromatherapy can reduce
postoperative nausea, the investigators studied 33
ambulatory surgery patients who complained of
nausea in the PACU. After indicating the severity of
nausea on a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS), subjects received randomized
aromatherapy with
isopropyl alcohol, oil of peppermint, or saline (placebo). The vapors were inhaled deeply through the nose from scented gauze pads held directly beneath the patients' nostrils and exhaled slowly through the mouth. Two and 5 minutes later, the subjects rated their
nausea on the VAS. Overall
nausea scores decreased from 60.6 +/- 4.3 mm (mean +/- SE) before
aromatherapy to 43.1 +/- 4.9 mm 2 minutes after
aromatherapy (P <.005), and to 28.0 +/- 4.6 mm 5 minutes after
aromatherapy (P < 10(-6)).
Nausea scores did not differ between the treatments at any time. Only 52% of the patients required conventional intravenous (IV)
antiemetic therapy during their PACU stay. Overall satisfaction with
postoperative nausea management was 86.9 +/- 4.1 mm and was independent of the treatment group.
Aromatherapy effectively reduced the perceived severity of
postoperative nausea. The fact that a saline "placebo" was as effective as alcohol or peppermint suggests that the beneficial effect may be related more to controlled breathing patterns than to the actual aroma inhaled.